Exercise

${}_8{}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ and ${}_7{}^{16}\mathrm{N}$ are isobars. Use this example to explain isobars.

Bromine-$79$ and bromine-$81$ are found in nature in the ratios $50.69$ and $49.31$. What will be the average atomic weight of bromine?

Find out the number of valence electrons in ${}_8{}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ and ${}_7{}^{14}\mathrm{N}$.

Describe Bohr's atomic model.

Apart from oxygen-$16$, oxygen-$17$ and oxygen-$18$ are also known to exist in nature. Are these atoms isotopes or isobars? Explain.

Explain Dalton's atomic theory. What are its limitations?

What was the alpha particle scattering experiment carried out by Rutherford? What conclusions did he draw from this experiment regarding the structure of an atom?

Write the rules proposed for electron distribution under the Bohr-Bury scheme. Use the rules to write the electronic configuration of given atoms. Also, give the number of neutrons present in each atom.

${}_9{}^{19}\mathrm{F}, {}_{12}{}^{24}\mathrm{Mg}, {}_{14}{}^{28}\mathrm{Si}, {}_{15}{}^{31}\mathrm{P}, {}_{17}{}^{35}\mathrm{Cl}$