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April 8, 2025Introduction to Diazonium Salt: Diazonium compounds, also known as diazonium salts, are organic compounds with the generic chemical formula
The diazonium group can be easily replaced by a variety of functional groups, allowing groups that can’t be directly substituted onto the aromatic ring, such
Arenediazonium compounds are salts. This is reflected in their name, “Diazonium salts” (the word di refers to two, aza stands for nitrogen, and the last term onium suggests the ionic nature of the compound). As a result, ionic compounds containing
The reaction of aniline with nitrous acid at
Diazonium salts are colourless crystalline substances that darken with air exposure. Many diazonium salts of nitrates and perchlorates explode when heated or struck when they are dry. As a result, these salts are not separated, and they are employed for additional synthetic preparations as soon as they are generated in situ. However, diazonium and zinc chloride double salts and diazonium and tetrafluoroborates double salts are stable at room temperature and have been employed as fast dye salts in the production of naphthol-AS dyestuffs.
The reactions of diazonium salts can be split into two categories: (A) reactions involving nitrogen displacement and (B) reactions involving diazo group retention.
The best general technique to introduce
The Gattermann reaction, in which copper powder and hydrogen halide are employed instead of cuprous halide, is sometimes utilised to carry out the synthesis. It is not necessary to utilise a cuprous halide or copper to replace the diazonium group with I; the diazonium salt and potassium iodide are simply mixed together and allowed to react.
The diazonium group is replaced by
Allowing the diazonium salt to react with cuprous cyanide results in the diazonium group being replaced by
Carboxylic acids are formed when nitriles are hydrolysed. Thus, the manufacture of nitrites from diazonium salts provides a good pathway from nitro compounds to carboxylic acids.
Diazonium salts react with water to yield phenols.
This reaction occurs slowly in ice-cold diazonium salt solutions, which is why diazonium salts are utilised right away after synthesis; at higher temperatures, it can be made the primary reaction of diazonium salts.
A variety of reducing agents can be used to replace the diazonium group with
Diazonium salts easily react with phenols, naphthols, and aromatic amines to produce brightly coloured azo compounds. Both aromatic rings are connected through the
As the
The reactions that produce m-bromotoluene are as follows:
1. Diazonium compounds, also known as diazonium salts, are organic compounds with the generic chemical formula
2. The reaction of aniline with nitrous acid at
3. Diazonium salts are colourless crystalline substances that darken with air exposure.
4. The reactions of diazonium salts can be split into two categories: (A) reactions involving nitrogen displacement and (B) reactions involving diazo group retention.
Q.1. How are diazonium salts prepared?
Ans: There are various methods to prepare diazonium salts. The reaction of aniline with nitrous acid at
Q.2. What are the physical properties of Diazonium salt?
Ans: Diazonium salts are colourless crystalline substances that darken with air exposure. Many diazonium salts of nitrates and perchlorates explode when heated or struck when they are dry. As a result, these salts are not separated, and they are employed for additional synthetic preparations as soon as they are generated in situ. However, diazonium and zinc chloride double salts, as well as diazonium and tetrafluoroborates double salts, are stable at room temperature.
Q.3. What type of reactions are shown by diazonium salt?
Ans: The reactions of diazonium salts can be split into two categories: (A) reactions involving nitrogen displacement and (B) reactions involving diazo group retention.
Q.4. Discuss the reactions of diazonium salts involving the displacement of nitrogen.
Ans: The best general technique to introduce
Q.5. Discuss the synthesis of phenol from diazonium salt.
Ans: Diazonium salts react with water to yield phenols.
This reaction occurs slowly in ice-cold diazonium salt solutions, which is why diazonium salts are utilised right away after synthesis; at higher temperatures, it can be made the primary reaction of diazonium salts.
We hope this article on Introduction to Diazonium Salts has helped you. If you have any queries, drop a comment below, and we will get back to you.
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