Written By Alice_J
Last Modified 13-09-2023

Kerala Board Class 11 Syllabus 2024 – Check Latest Syllabus

Directorate of Higher Secondary Education (DHSE Kerala) is in charge of releasing the Kerala Board Class 11 syllabus 2024. DHSE released the Kerala Board Class 11 syllabus 2024 for the academic session on their official website. Syllabus gives students a clear idea on what all chapters and topics they need to cover to prepare for the exam.

Students who wish to know the Kerala Board Class 11 syllabus can read the article. Kerala Board Class 11 syllabus has subject-wise chapters and topics for each exam. Student can get Kerala Board Class 11 syllabus 2024 for Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Botany, Zoology, English, and Computer Science.

11th Kerala Board Syllabus 2024

Before starting the preparation for Kerala Board Class 11 exam 2024, student must go through the complete syllabus to know the topics they have to cover. Get the 11th Kerala Board subject-wise syllabus below:

Kerala Board Class 11 Maths Syllabus

The Kerala Board Class 11 Mathematics syllabus 2024 is mentioned in the tale below:

Chapter Number	Chapter Name	Topics
1	Sets	Sets and Their Representations Empty Set Finite and Infinite Sets Equal Setssubsets Subsets of a Set of Real Numbers, Especially Intervals (With Notations) Power Set Universal Set Venn Diagrams Union and Intersection of Sets Difference of Sets Complement of a Set
2	Relations And Functions	Ordered Pairs and Cartesian Products of Sets Number of Elements in the Cartesian Product of Two Finite Sets Cartesian Product of the Sets of Real (Up to R × R)Definition of −Relation Pictorial Diagrams Domain, Co-domain and Range of a Relation Function as a Special Kind of Relation From One Set to Another Pictorial Representation of a Function, Domain, Co-domain and Range of a Function Real-Valued Functions, Domain and Range of These Functions −Constantidentity Polynomial Rational Modulus Signum Exponential Logarithmic Greatest Integer Functions (With Their Graphs) Sum, Difference, Product and Quotients of Functions
3	Trigonometric Functions	Introduction to Trigonometric Functions Positive and Negative Angles Measuring Angles in Radians and in Degrees and Conversion of One Into Other Definition of Trigonometric Functions With the Help of Unit Circle Truth of the Sin2x + Cos2x = 1, for All X Signs of Trigonometric Functions Domain and Range of Trigonometric Functions Graphs of Trigonometric Functions Expressing Sin (X±Y) And Cos (X±Y) In Terms of Sinx, Siny, Cosx & Cosy and Their Simple Application Identities Related to Sin 2X, cos2x, Tan 2X, sin3x, cos3x and Tan3x General Solution of Trigonometric Equations of the Type Sin Y = Sin A, Cos Y = Cos a and Tan Y = Tan A
4	Principle Of Mathematical Induction	Introduction to the Principle of Mathematical Induction Process of the Proof by Induction −Motivating the Application of the Method by Looking at Natural Numbers as the Least Inductive Subset of Real Numbers The Principle of Mathematical Induction and Simple Applications
5	Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations	Need for Complex Numbers, Especially √1, to Be Motivated by Inability to Solve Some of the Quadratic Equations Algebraic Properties of Complex Numbers Argand Plane and Polar Representation of Complex Numbers Statement of Fundamental Theorem of Algebra Solution of Quadratic Equations in the Complex Number System Square Root of a Complex Number
6	Linear Inequalities	Introduction to Linear Inequalities Algebraic Solutions of Linear Inequalities in One Variable and Their Representation on the Number Line Graphical Solution of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables Graphical Solution of System of Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
7	Permutations And Combinations	Introduction to Permutations and Combinations Fundamental Principle of Counting Factorial N (N!) Permutations and Combinations Derivation of Formulae and Their Connections Simple Applications
8	Binomial Theorem	History Statement and Proof of the Binomial Theorem for Positive Integral Indices Pascal’s Triangle General and Middle Term in Binomial Expansion Simple Applications
9	Sequences And Series	Sequence and Series Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) Arithmetic Mean (A.M.) Geometric Progression (G.P.) Arithmetic and Geometric Series Infinite G.P. And Its Sum Geometric Mean (G.M.) Relation Between A.M. And G.M.
10	Straight Lines	Introduction to Straight Lines Brief Recall of Two-Dimensional Geometries From Earlier Classes Shifting of Origin The Slope of a Line and Angle Between Two Lines Various Forms of Equations of a Line −Parallel to Axis Point-Slope Form Slope-Intercept Form Two-Point Form Intercept Form Normal Form General Equation of a Line Equation of Family of Lines Passing Through the Point of Intersection of Two Lines Distance of a Point From a Line
11	Conic Sections	Sections of a Cone −Circles Ellipse Parabola Hyperbola − a Point, a Straight Line and a Pair of Intersecting Lines as a Degenerated Case of a Conic Section. Standard Equations and Simple Properties of − Parabola Ellipse Hyperbola Standard Equation of a Circle
12	Introduction To Three-Dimensional Geometry	Three–Dimensional Geometry Coordinate Axes and Coordinate Planes in Three Dimensions Coordinates of a Point Distance Between Two Points Section Formula
13	Limits And Derivatives	Limits Derivatives Limits of the Trigonometric Functions Algebra of the Derivative of the Function
14	Mathematical Reasoning	Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning Mathematically Acceptable Statements Connecting Words/ Phrases Validating the Statements Involving the Connecting Words Difference Between Contradiction, Converse and Contrapositive
15	Statistics	Introduction to Statistics Measures of Dispersion −Range Mean Deviation Variance Standard Deviation of Ungrouped/Grouped Data Analysis of Frequency Distributions With Equal Means but Different Variances.
16	Probability	Probability Introduction Random Experiments −Outcomes Sample Spaces (Set Representation) Types of Events Occurrence of Events, ‘Not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ Events Exhaustive Events Mutually Exclusive Events Axiomatic (Set Theoretic) Probability Connections With the Theories of Earlier Classes Probability of an Event Probability of ‘Not’, ‘and’ and ‘or’ Events

Kerala Board Class 11 Physics Syllabus

Check out the Kerala Board Class 11 Physics syllabus from the table below:

Chapter Number	Chapter Name	Topics
1.	Physical World	What Is Physics? Scope and Excitement of Physics Physics, Technology and Society Fundamental Forces in Nature Nature of Physical Laws
2.	Units and Measurement	Introduction to Units and Measurements The International System of Units Measurement of Length Measurement of Mass Measurement of Time Accuracy, Precision of Instruments and Errors in Measurement Significant Figures Dimensions of Physical Quantities Dimensional Formulae and Dimensional Equations Dimensional Analysis and Its Applications
3.	Motion in A Straight Line	Introduction to Motion in a Straight Line Position, Path Length and Displacement Average Velocity and Average Speed Instantaneous Velocity and Speed Acceleration Kinematic Equations for Uniformly Accelerated Motion Relative Velocity
4.	Motion in A Plane	Introduction to Motion in a Plane Scalars and Vectors Multiplication of Vectors by Real Numbers Addition and Subtraction of Vectors – Graphical Method Resolution of Vectors Vector Addition – Analytical Method Motion in a Plane Motion in a Plane With Constant Acceleration Relative Velocity in Two Dimensions Projectile Motion Uniform Circular Motion
5.	Laws of Motion	Introduction to Laws of Motion Aristotle’s Fallacy The Law of Inertia Newton’s First Law of Motion Newton’s Second Law of Motion Newton’s Third Law of Motion Conservation of Momentum Equilibrium of a Particle Common Forces in Mechanics Circular Motion Solving Problems in Mechanics
6.	Work, Energy and Power	Introduction to Work, Energy and Power Notions of Work and Kinetic Energy: The Work-Energy Theorem Work Kinetic Energy Work Done by a Variable Force The Work-Energy Theorem for a Variable Force The Concept of Potential Energy The Conservation of Mechanical Energy The Potential Energy of a Spring Various Forms of Energy: The Law of Conservation of Energy Power Collisions
7.	Systems Of Particles and Rotational Motion	Introduction to the System of Particles and Rotational Motion Centre of Mass Motion of Centre of Mass Linear Momentum of a System of Particles Vector Product of Two Vectors Angular Velocity and Its Relation With Linear Velocity Torque and Angular Momentum Equilibrium of a Rigid Body Moment of Inertia Theorems of Perpendicular and Parallel Axis Kinematics of Rotational Motion About a Fixed Axis Dynamics of Rotational Motion About a Fixed Axis Angular Momentum in Case of Rotations About a Fixed Axis Rolling Motion
8.	Gravitation	Introduction to Gravitation Kepler’s Laws The Universal Law of Gravitation The Gravitational Constant Acceleration Due to the Gravity of the Earth Acceleration Due to Gravity Below and Above the Surface of the Earth Gravitational Potential Energy Escape Speed Earth Satellite The Energy of an Orbiting Satellite Geostationary and Polar Satellites Weightlessness
9.	Mechanical Properties Of Solids	Stress and Strain Hooke’s Law Stress-Strain Curve
10.	Mechanical Properties of Fluids	Pascal’s Law Hydraulic Machines Bernoulli’s Principle
11.	Thermal Properties of Matter	Thermal Expansion Change Of State
12.	Thermodynamics	First Law Of Thermodynamics Thermodynamic Processes Heat Engines
13.	Kinetic Theory	Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas
14.	Oscillations	Simple Harmonic Motion The simple pendulum
15.	Waves	Displacement Relation in a Progressive Wave The Speed of A Travelling Wave

Kerala Board Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus

To prepare for the Chemistry exam students must go through the Kerala Board Class 11 Chemistry syllabus given in the article below:

Chapter Number	Name of unit	Focus area
1.	Some Basic Concepts Of Chemistry	Importance and Scope of Chemistry Laws of Chemical Combination Dalton’s Atomic Theory Atoms and Molecules Atomic and Molecular Masses Mole Concept Molar Mass Percentage Composition Empirical and Molecular Formula Chemical Reactions Stoichiometry Calculations Based on Stoichiometry
2.	Structure Of Atom	Discovery of Electron, Proton and Neutron Atomic Number Isotopes and Isobars Thomson’s Model and Its Limitations Rutherford’s Model and Its Limitations Bohr’s Model and Its Limitations Broglie’s Relationship Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Concept of Orbitals Quantum Numbers Shapes of S, P and D Orbitals Rules for Filling Electrons in Orbitals Aufbau Principle Pauli’s Exclusion Principle Hund’s Rule Electronic Configuration of Atoms Stability of Half-Filled and Completely-Filled Orbitals
3.	Classification Of Elements And Periodicity In Properties	Significance and Development of the Periodic Table Modern Periodic Law and the Present Form of the Periodic Table Periodic Trends in Properties of Elements Atomic Radii Ionic Radiiinert Gas Radii Ionization Enthalpy Electrons Gain Enthalpy Electronegativity Valency Nomenclature of Elements With Atomic Numbers Greater Than 100
4.	Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure	Valence Electronsionic Bond Covalent Bond Bond Parameters Lewis Structure The Polar Character of Covalent Bond The Covalent Character of Ionic Bond Valence Bond Theory Resonance The Geometry of Covalent Molecules Vsepr Theory Concept of Hybridizations, P and D Orbitals and Shapes of Some Simple Molecules Molecular Orbital Theory Hydrogen Bond
5.	States Of Matter	Three States of Matter Intermolecular Interactions Types of Bonding Melting and Boiling Points Role of Gas Laws in Elucidating the Concept of the Molecule Boyle’s Law Charles Law Gay Lussac’s Law Avogadro’s Law Ideal Behaviour Empirical Derivation of Gas Equationideal Gas Equation Deviation From Ideal Behaviour Liquefaction of Gases Critical Temperature Kinetic Energy and Molecular Speeds (Elementary Idea) Liquid State – Vapour Pressure Viscosity and Surface Tension
6.	Thermodynamics	Concepts of System and Types of Systems, Surroundings, Work, Heat, Energy, Extensive and Intensive Properties State Functions First Law of Thermodynamics Internal Energy Enthalpy Heat Capacity Specific Heat Measurement of ∆U and ∆H Hess’s Law of Constant Heat Summation Enthalpy of Bond Dissociation Combustion, Formation, Atomization Sublimation, Phase Transition, Ionization Solution and Dilution The Second Law of Thermodynamics (Brief Introduction) Introduction of Entropy State Function Gibb’s Energy Change for Spontaneous and Non-spontaneous Processes Criteria for Equilibrium Third Law of Thermodynamics (Brief Introduction).
7.	Equilibrium	Equilibrium in Physical and Chemical Processes Dynamic Nature of Equilibrium Law of Mass Action Equilibrium Constant, Factors Affecting Equilibrium Le Chatelier’s Principleionic Equilibrium –Ionization of Acids and Bases Strong and Weak Electrolytes Degree of Ionization Ionization of Polybasic Acids Acid Strength Concept of PH Hydrolysis of Salts (Elementary Idea) Buffer Solution Henderson Equation Solubility Product Common Ion Effect (With Illustrative Examples).
8.	Redox Reactions	Concept of Oxidation and Reduction Redox Reactions Oxidation Number Balancing Redox Reactions, in Terms of Loss and Gain of Electrons and Change in Oxidation Number Applications of Redox Reactions
9,	Hydrogen	Position of Hydrogen in the Periodic Table Occurrence Isotopes Preparation Properties of Hydrogen Uses of Hydrogen Hydrides – Ionic Covalent and Interstitial Physical and Chemical Properties of Water Heavy Water Hydrogen Peroxide – Preparation, Reactions and Structure and Use Hydrogen as a Fuel
10.	The s-Block Elements	Group 1 and Group 2 Elements General Introduction Electronic Configuration Occurrence, Anomalous Properties of the First Element of Each Group, Diagonal Relationship, Trends in the Variation of Properties (Such as Ionization Enthalpy, Atomic and Ionic Rad Trends in Chemical Reactivity With Oxygen, Water, Hydrogen and Halogens, Uses. Preparation and Properties of Some Important Compounds: Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate Biological Importance of Sodium and Potassium Calcium Oxide Calcium Carbonate and Their Industrial Uses Biological Importance of Magnesium and Calcium.
11.	The p-Block Elements	General Introduction to p-Block Elements Group 13 Elements: Boron – Physical and Chemical Properties Some Important Compounds: Borax, Boric Acid, Boron Hydrides, Aluminium: Reactions With Acids and Alkalis, Group 14 Elements: Carbon-Catenation Allotropic Forms Physical and Chemical Properties Uses of Some Important Compounds: Oxidesimportant Compounds of Silicon and a Few Uses Silicon Tetrachloride, Silicones, Silicates and Zeolites, Their Uses
12.	Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles And Techniques	General Introduction Methods of Purification Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis Classification and Iupac Nomenclature of Organic Compounds Electronic Displacements in a Covalent Bond: Inductive Effect, Electromeric Effect, Resonance and Hyperconjugation. Homolytic and Heterolytic Fission of a Covalent Bond: Radicals, Carbocations, Carbanions, Electrophiles and Nucleophiles Types of Organic Reactions
13.	Hydrocarbons	Classification of Hydrocarbons Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Alkanes – Nomenclature, Isomerism, Conformation (Ethane Only), Physical Properties, Chemical Reactions Including Radical Mechanism of Halogenation, Combustion and Pyrolysis. Alkenes – Nomenclature, Structure of Double Bond (Ethene), Geometrical Isomerism, Physical Properties, Methods of Preparation, Chemical Reactions: Addition of Hydrogen, Halogen, Water, Hydrogen Halides (Markovnikov’s Addition and Peroxide Effect), Ozonolysis, Oxidation, Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition. Alkynes – Nomenclature, the Structure of Triple Bond (Ethyne), Physical Properties, Methods of Preparation, Chemical Reactions: Acidic Character of Alkynes, Addition Reaction Of – Hydrogen, Halogens, Hydrogen Halides and Water. Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Introduction, Iupac Nomenclature, Benzene: Resonance, Aromaticity, Chemical Properties: Mechanism of Electrophilic Substitution. Nitration, Sulphonation, Halogenation, Friedel Crafts Alkylation and Acylation, Directive Influence of the Functional Group in Monosubstituted Benzene. Carcinogenicity and Toxicity.
14.	Environmental Chemistry	Environmental Pollution – Air, Water and Soil Pollution, Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere, Smog, Major Atmospheric Pollutants, Acid Rain, Ozone and Its Reactions, Effects of Depletion of the Ozone Layer, Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming – Pollution Due to Industrial Wastes, Green Chemistry as an Alternative Tool for Reducing Pollution, Strategies for Control of Environmental Pollution.

Kerala Board Class 11 Botany Syllabus

The Kerala Board Class 11 Botany syllabus 2024 is mentioned in the table below:

Chapter Number	Chapter Name	Topics
2	Biological Classification	Five kingdom classification Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi into major groups Lichens Viruses Viroids
3	Plant Kingdom	Salient features and classification of plants into major groups Algae Bryophyta Pteridophyta Gymnosperms and Angiosperms Angiosperms – classification up to class, characteristic features and examples
5	Morphology Of Flowering Plants	Morphology and modifications Morphology of different parts of flowering plants: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed. Description of families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae
6	Anatomy Of Flowering Plants	Anatomy and functions of different tissues and tissue systems in dicots and monocots. Secondary growth
8	Cell : The Unit Of Life	Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life Structure of prokaryotic cells Structure of eukaryotic cells Plant cell Animal cell Cell envelope Cell membrane Cell wall Cell organelles – structure and function Endomembrane system Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi bodies Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Ribosomes Plastids Microbodies Cytoskeleton Cilia Flagella Centrioles Nucleus
10	Cell Cycle And Cell Division	Cell cycle Mitosis and their significance Meiosis and their significance
11	Transport In Plants	Movement of water, gases and nutrients Cell to cell transport Diffusion Facilitated diffusion Active transport Plant-water relationsImbibition Water potential Osmosis Plasmolysis Long-distance transport of water Absorption Apoplast Symplast Transpiration pull Root pressure GuttationTranspiration Opening and closing of stomata Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients Transport of food Phloem transport Mass flow hypothesis
12	Mineral Nutrition	Essential minerals Macro and micronutrients and their role Deficiency symptoms Mineral toxicity Elementary idea of hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition Nitrogen Metabolism Nitrogen cycle Biological nitrogen fixation
13	Photosynthesis In Higher Plants	Ion Site of photosynthesis Pigments involved in photosynthesis Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis Cyclic Photosynthesis as a means of autotrophic nutrition non-cyclic photophosphorylation Chemiosmotic hypothesis Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways Factors affecting photosynthesis
14	Respiration In Plants	Exchange of gases Cellular respiration Glycolysis Fermentation TCA cycle Electron transport system Energy relations – number of ATP molecules generated Amphibolic pathways Respiratory quotient
15	Plant Growth And Development	Seed germination Phases of plant growth and plant growth rate and conditions of growth Differentiation – Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation The sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell Growth regulators Auxin Gibberellin Cytokinin Ethylene ABA Seed dormancy Photoperiodism and Vernalisation

Kerala Board Class 11 Zoology 2024 Syllabus

Here is the Kerala Board Class 11 Zoology syllabus that students can use to prepare for the exam.

Chapter Number	Chapter Name	Topics
1	The Living World	What is living? Biodiversity Need for classification Three domains of life Taxonomy and systematics Concept of species and taxonomic hierarchy Binomial nomenclature Tools for study of taxonomy Museums Zoological parks Herbaria Botanical gardens Keys for identification.
4	Animal Kingdom	Salient features and classification of animals Non-chordates up to phylum level and chordates up to class level
7	Structural Organisation in Animals	Animal tissues Morphology, Anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect-cockroach
9	Biomolecules	Chemical constituents of living cells Biomolecules Structure and function of proteins Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Enzymes- types, properties, enzyme action
16	Digestion and Absorption	Alimentary canal and digestive glands Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones Peristalsis Digestion absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats Calorific values of proteins, carbohydrates and fats Egestion Nutritional and digestive disorders PEM Indigestion Constipation Vomiting Jaundice Diarrhoea
17	Breathing and Exchange of Gases	Respiratory organs in animals Respiratory system in humans Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans Exchange of gases Transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volume Disorders related to respiration Asthma Emphysema Occupational respiratory disorders.
18	Body Fluids and Circulation	Composition of blood Blood groups Coagulation of blood Composition of lymph and its function. Human circulatory system Structure of the human heart and blood vessels Cardiac cycle Cardiac output ECG Double circulation Regulation of cardiac activity Disorders of the circulatory system Hypertension Coronary artery disease Angina pectoris Heart failure
19	Excretory Products and Their Elimination	Modes of excretion Ammonotelism Ureotelism Uricotelism Human excretory system -Structure and function Urine formation and Osmoregulation Regulation of kidney function Renin-angiotensin Atrial natriuretic factor ADH Diabetes insipidus Role of other organs in excretion Disorders of the excretory system Uremia Renal failure Renal calculi Nephritis Dialysis and artificial kidney Kidney transplant
20	Locomotion and Movement	Types of movement Ciliary Flagellar Muscular Skeletal muscle Contractile proteins and Muscle contraction Skeletal system and its functions Joints Disorders of muscular and skeletal systems Myasthenia gravis Tetany Muscular dystrophy Arthritis Osteoporosis Gout
21	Neural Control and Coordination	Neuron and nerves The nervous system in humans Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Visceral nervous system Generation and conduction of nerve impulse Reflex action Sensory perception Sense organs Elementary structure and functions of the eye and ear
22	Chemical Coordination and Integration	Endocrine glands and hormones Human endocrine system Hypothalamus Pituitary Pineal Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pancreas Gonads Mechanism of hormone action Role of hormones as messengers and regulators Hypo and hyperactivity and related disorders Dwarfism Acromegaly Cretinism Goiter Exophthalmic goitre Diabetes Addison’s disease.

Kerala Board Class 11 English Syllabus

To learn Poems, Stories, Non-fiction and Play for Kerala Board Class 11 exam students can refer to the syllabus mentioned in the table below:

Section 1 – Poetry	Section 2 – Short Story	Section 3 – Non-Fiction	Section 4 – One-Act Play
Since Brass, Nor Stone, Nor Earth, Nor Boundless Sea – William Shakespeare	The Orator – Anton Chekov	On Saying ‘Please’ – A.G Gardiner	The Boy Comes Home – A.A Milne
A Red Red Rose – Robert Burns	The Romance of a Busy Broker – O Henry	Why Literature? – Jorge Mario Vargas Llosa	When Lincoln Came to Pittsburgh – Dorothy.C.Calhoun
The Tiger – William Blake	A Cup of Tea – Katherine Mansfield	Am I Blue? – Alice Walker	–
To the Cuckoo – William Wordsworth	A Canary for One – Ernest Hemingway	Last Day at School – Giovanni Mosca	–
My Last Duchess – Robert Browning	A Man – Vaikom Muhammed Basheer	–	–
I had Gone a-Begging – Rabindranath Tagore	The Night Train at Deoli – Ruskin Bond	–	–
Bangle Sellers – Sarojini Naidu	–	–	–
The Highway Man – Alfred Noyes	–	–	–
Never Again would Birds’ Song be the Same – Robert Frost	–	–	–
Elegy 2 or Jane – Theodore Roethke	–	–	–
Oppression – Langston Hughes	–	–	–
You Forget Me – Pablo Neruda	–	–	–

Kerala Board Class 11 Computer Science Syllabus

The chapters and topics important for the Kerala Board Computer Science exam are given below:

Chapter Number	Chapter Name	Topics
1.	The Discipline of Computing	Evolution of Computing machines Abacus, Difference engine, Analytical engine Generations of computers
2.	Data Representation and Boolean Algebra	Number systems, Number conversions – Decimal to non-decimal and reverse, Shortcut methods (avoid fractional conversion) Representation of integers (Sign & Magnitude, l’s and 2’s complements) and characters (ASCII & Unicode), Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) and logic gates, Simple circuit designing.
3.	Components of the Computer System	Processor, Ports, Memory (RAM only with measuring units), e-Waste and disposal methods, System software (OS, Language processors – compiler and interpreter), and open source software.
4.	Principles of Programming and Problem-Solving	Phases in programming (Listing only), Debugging (Types of errors), Flowchart symbols, Development of algorithms and flowcharts to solve simple problems only (except looping).
5.	Introduction to C++ Programming	Tokens and classification with examples
6.	Data types and Operators	Fundamental data types, Variables, Operators and classifications, Type conversion, Various types of statements, Structure of C++ program.
7.	Control Statements	Decision-making statements (if, if–else, if – else if, switch), Iteration statements (while, for, do-while) – syntax and working (Nesting not required), Jump statements (break, continue). (No programming)
8.	Arrays	Declaration, Initialisation, Accessing elements, Operations (listing only with the concept), Traversal operation with a simple program.
9.	String Handling and I/O Functions	Array declaration for string and initialisation, Input/Output operations, Use of get(), getline(), put(), write() functions. (No programming)
10.	Functions	Modular programming and merits, Predefined functions (string, mathematical, character), User-defined functions (Syntax, Concept of arguments and return value). (No programming)
11.	Computer Networks	Advantages of network, Key terms (Bandwidth, noise, node), Communication devices (switch, router, gateway, bridge, modem), Network topologies, Identification of computers over a network (MAC, IP)
12.	Internet and Mobile Computing	Services on the Internet (Working procedure is not required) Cyber security (Computer viruses, Trojan Horse, hacking, phishing).