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Soil is the material that covers most of the upper surface of the land. It is made up of both inorganic and organic matter. We celebrate the importance of the soil on December 5 every year as World Soil Day. Soil is a porous medium consisting of various materials we will read in the article. Soil is formed by Mechanical Weathering, Chemical Weathering, and Biological Weathering.
Soil is composed of numerous components which are as follows:
Let us learn about each of these components:
Other than the above mentioned, sand, silt and clay are some of the inorganic components that make up the texture of the soil.
Soil can be of the following types:
Sandy soil does not have any structure or have very little. They often drainly. If a soil type has higher content of clay, the strength of the soil structure increases but its drainage ability decreases. Heavy clay is able to hold large quantities of water and the infiltration rates in them is slow. On the other hand, Sandy soil and Loamy soil have minimal to no clay content in them.
Colour is a parameter that differentiates one type of soil from another. Colour can indicate the drainage quality of the soil, how much of organic matter is contained in the soil, the parent material from which the soil is made, and the amount of weathering that has taken place in the soil. If a soil is dark in colour (for example, if a soil is black in colour), it indicates that it is highly fertile. If it has a lighter shade (for example, white sand), it means that the soil is not very fertile. The different colours of the soils along with what they indicate, has been given in the table below:
| Colour of the Soil | Indication |
| Red | The soil is high in iron content It drainsly The soil may not have adequate. Phosphorus content for the plants |
| Black | The soil is high in humus |
| Yellow | The soil indicates: moist conditions restrictive draining less weathering |
| Dark Brown | The soil is high in organic matter content |
| Blue or Green or Grey | This indicates waterlogging and Poor drainage facility in the soil |
Soil is very important for our ecosystem. Let us find out how soil contributes to our ecosystem:
We hope that this information on Soil And Its Components has helped you. If you have any queries, then you can visit our website and write to us with your queries. We will assist you in the best way possible.
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