Learning Process of Meiosis Using Permanent Slide

Introduction to Meiosis Using Permanent Slide

The simulation “Learning Process of Meiosis Using Permanent Slide” aims to investigate the process of meiosis. Meiosis is a type of cell division in which the chromosomal number is halved, that is, the parental cell changes from diploid to haploid in the daughter cells. The different stages of meiosis can be observed in the reproductive cells of organisms, like the cells of the testis and ovaries in animals, the male flower parts that produce pollen grains, and the female floral organs that produce egg cells in plants.

Procedure

• Place the permanent slide on the stage of the microscope and search for the dividing cells using lower magnification. 
• When dividing cells are located, observe them under higher magnification. 

Observation

Meiosis takes place during sexual reproduction. The process of meiosis is completed in two phases: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I is a reductional division wherein the chromosomes of homologous pairs separate from each other.

The pairing of homologous chromosomes, crossing over, and genetic recombination occur in meiosis I, resulting in two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes. On the other hand, meiosis II is equational division, which results in the formation of four daughter cells.  

Each of these phases, meiosis I and meiosis II, is again divided into four sub-phases. They are Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, and Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II. 

In meiosis I, during prophase I, the pairing of chromosomes and the exchange of genetic material occur, which results in variations. In metaphase, I, chromosomes align in the middle of the cell, whereas separation of homologous chromosomes occurs in anaphase I, while telophase I results in two new cells with a haploid number of chromosomes. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that the result is the production of four haploid cells from the two haploid cells produced in meiosis I.