Budding in Yeast and Hydra

Budding represents asexual reproduction prevalent among lower organisms such as yeast, hydra, and other animal species. Budding is a way to make new organisms without involving two parents. In this method, a new organism starts growing from a small part of the parent’s body. This growing part, called a bud, eventually separates from the parent and becomes a new organism.

While it’s growing, the new organism stays connected to the parent. But when fully grown, it breaks away, leaving behind a mark where it was attached. Since this type of reproduction doesn’t need two parents, the new organism is basically a copy of the parent and has the same genes.

Experiment Procedure

The procedure for studying the process of budding is as follows:

• Position the slide on the stage of a compound microscope.
• Adjust the focus of the slide initially using low magnification, followed by switching to high magnification on the compound microscope.
• Thoroughly observe the distinct phases of budding in Yeast and Hydra.

Observation

The budding process in Hydra commences when, under favourable conditions, a small outgrowth or protuberance develops on the hydra’s body. This bud grows further to form a new young hydra with tentacles, a mouth and stalk. It grows further.

Once fully developed, a constriction is formed at the base of the stalk. Then, the newly formed hydra separates from the parent body. As a single parent gives rise to an offspring, budding is considered asexual reproduction.

In a fully grown yeast cell, a protuberance or bud develops on the cell. It is a cytoplasmic extension. Then, the nucleus divides into two nuclei. The daughter nucleus starts moving towards the bud. This is followed by the enlargement of the bud.

Next, a constriction is formed at the base of the bud, which grows deeper and ultimately separates the newly formed daughter cell. Yeast cells can also form chains of buds, which can eventually separate and exist as independent yeast cells.

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