Catenation can be defined as the self-linking of atoms of an element to form chains and rings. This definition can be extended to include the formation of layers like two-dimensional catenation and space lattices like three-dimensional catenation. The most common examples of catenation or elements that exhibit catenation are: Carbon, Silicon, Sulphur, Boron. Catenation occurs most readily in carbon, forming covalent bonds to form longer chains and structures with other carbon atoms. This is why the vast number of organic compounds are found in nature. Carbon is best known for its catenation properties, with the analysis of catenated carbon structures in organic chemistry. All the elements of carbon family or group 4 family exhibit catenation property. The first member from the family has the highest tendency to catenate. Following is the tendency to catenate: C > Si > Ge > Sn > Pb Catenation tendency decreases down the group. This happens because the atomic size increases down the group and the strength of the covalent bond decreases. Hence, the catenation property decreases down the group.

Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 23 - Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques>Exercise-1

Exercise-1

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Questions from Exercise-1 with Hints & Solutions

EASY

JEE Main/Advance

IMPORTANT

Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 23 - Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques>Exercise-1>Q 2

What is catenation ?

MEDIUM

JEE Main/Advance

IMPORTANT

Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 23 - Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques>Exercise-1>Q 38

Which of the following represents the correct IUPAC name for the compound concerned?

2,2-Dimethylpentane or 2-Dimethylpentane

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JEE Main/Advance

IMPORTANT

Alpha Question Bank for Engineering: Chemistry>Chapter 23 - Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques>Exercise-1>Q 72

During estimation of nitrogen present in an organic compound by Kjeldahl's method, the ammonia evolved from $0.5 g$ of the compound in Kjeldahl's estimation of nitrogen neutralized $10 mL of 1 M H_{2} {SO}_{4}$ . Find the percentage of nitrogen in the compound.