Name: Biological Evidence of Origin of Life
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 3 min 21 s
Description: Organic materials bumping into each other is how the cell came to be, so making mistakes doesn't mean you have to give up. Just try again after watching this...

Question

Natural selection is a driving force for evolution. Explain how?

Accepted Answer

During the struggle for existence, the organisms can overcome the challenging situation to survive, and adapt to the surrounding environment. Organisms that are unable to face these challenges are unfit to survive in that area or environment and disappear soon. The genetic variations for survival in a particular area or environment pass on to the next generations. The process of selection of organisms with favorable variation is called natural selection. The book “Origin of Species” was published in 1859 explains the theory of natural selection for evolutionary transformation.

Principles of Darwinism:

1) Overproduction- All the living organisms have the capacity to reproduce and increase their reproductive potential that leads to overproduction.

2) Struggle for existence- When the population is increased there is an increase in need or demand for food and place. This creates competition between the members of the population. This struggle for existence is of three types- Intraspecific struggle(within the species), Interspecific struggle(between the members of two or more species), and Environmental struggle (Struggle for existence because of natural calamities like extreme heat, cold, drought, and floods can affect the existence of organisms.

3) Variations- Variations in the plants and animals can be favourable or unfavourable. Unfavourable condition conditions lead to the elimination of that species which cannot withstand the specific environmental or physical condition. Favourable variations help in the survival of that species.

4) Survival of the fittest- only the species which is capable of withstanding the challenges, survive, and adapt to the organisms will survive and can stay in that area for a longer time. The organisms which cannot overcome these challenges gets eliminated.

5) Origin of species- The gradual accumulation of the favourable variations from generations to generations leads to the evolution of new species.

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