Solutions of Natural Disaster from Economics & Disaster Management : Class 9

This topic talks about natural and anthropogenic disasters. It differentiates between the two kinds of disasters and explores the damages caused by their occurrence. There are examples of both these disasters in India.

Through this topic, students learn that Jammu and Kashmir face natural disasters like floods, landslides, cloud bursts, and earthquakes. It also mentions that these disasters are on the rise and affect the economy of the state.

The topic discusses the occurrence of the earthquake, the scientific theory behind the shaking of the earth's surface, and the destruction it causes. It also tabulates some of the earthquakes in Jammu and Kashmir along with the year of occurrence.

In this topic, we learn about the four seismic zones of India. It talks about epicentre, seismograph, the device to measure the magnitude of an earthquake, and liquefaction. Some major earthquakes of India are listed with their years and magnitude.

This topic elaborates on the effects of the earthquake that include disruption and mass destruction of essentials, landslides, loss of people and infrastructure. It focuses on the earthquake of Muzafarabad and the damage caused by it.

This topic explains that earthquake destroys lives and properties of people. It discusses few measures we can take to decrease its impact. It focuses on the aspects of construction and structure of the houses to handle the severity of an earthquake.

This topic provides knowledge about the enforcement of building codes and guidelines issued by the Bureau of Indian Standards and Natural Disaster Management Authority. These codes aim at decreasing the earthquake's effects.

The topic explains that the government has formulated some guidelines for the construction of buildings. The municipality should adhere to them while constructing buildings to reduce the impact of the earthquake.

This topic explains the concept of retrofitting, which helps prepare the older buildings to strengthen them to resist earthquakes. It recognises hospitals and educational institutions of prime importance.

This topic explains the importance of public awareness to deal with the causes and effects of the earthquake. It sheds light on the significance of training and awareness programmes, safe construction practices, and mock drills.

This topic elaborates on the safety rules to lessen the impact of the earthquake. It focuses on our inability to control the occurrence of the disaster and the ability to prepare to deal with it once it occurs.

This topic discusses various steps that we can take before an earthquake. It highlights several points that we can include in our planning and preparation to avoid the severity of the earthquake, even before it takes place.

This topic helps us understand the measures that we should take during an earthquake. It lists the immediate actions, under several circumstances and places, we can take during the earthquake to keep ourselves safe.

This topic discusses measures to be taken after an earthquake. People should check injuries on one another and wear shoes in areas with broken windows. Damaged areas should be left alone, and we should avoid using electricity for some time.

This topic elaborates on the geological phenomenon of landslides, the nature of this natural disaster, and its causes. It briefly mentions how it looks like and what steps are taken on the spot once it takes place.

The topic helps us understand the effects of landslides. It recognises the areas in India that are prone to the occurrence of landslides, mostly being the hilly areas after heavy rainfall. It lists several effects that we face due to a landslide.

This topic explains the concept of drainage management. It establishes the necessity for a proper drainage system for the reduction in the damage caused by landslides. It briefly explains this mechanism.

The topic elaborates on the retaining walls as one of the mitigation measures to prevent landslides. It discusses the construction of the wall and its purpose. It illustrates it with the help of a picture.

The topic focuses on the role of the plantation as an effective measure to control landslides. It recognises the planting of trees as a cheap and effective way to deal with landslides. There is an explanation of how it works to prevent a landslide.

This topic elucidates the importance of mapping in identifying landslide-prone areas. It provides knowledge about its significance as a prevention measure to help us avoid settling down in a risk area.

This topic explains the importance of awareness programmes. It discusses the nature of awareness that these programmes aim to bring. It identifies the need to educate people on caution boards and signs.

This topic talks about snow avalanches, which is a natural disaster that brings snow down the slope. It defines and reviews the factors causing this disaster. It also identifies the regions of India that are prone to avalanches.

This Chapter from Economics & Disaster Management : Class IX has 42 topics to practice on Natural Disaster

This topic explores a natural disaster called a flood. Along with the definition and nature of the flood, it figures out the causes behind it. It also recognises the areas which can get most affected by this natural disaster.

The topic provides knowledge about the effects of the flood. It informs that the consequences are not only material or economic but psychological too. It also asserts the interference of humans as a cause for the flood.

The topic talks about mitigation measures for floods. It suggests various methods to save us from the stages of the flood. It explains one of the preventive measures, floodwalls or barriers, and their structure.

In this topic, we learn about storage reservoirs, another measure to cope up with the flood. We understand the seasonal cleaning of the storage tanks and clearance of drainage systems to prevent floods.

The topic discusses that floods affect low-lying areas. As a mitigation measure, houses, buildings, hospitals, and educational institutions should be constructed in higher areas, preventing them from being affected by the floods during monsoons.

This topic explores retention basins. It describes the basin's structure, usage, and the appropriate place to build to protect from the flood. It further says that dams help store the rainwater to prevent water from flooding the ground.

This topic suggests the marking up of the flood-prone areas on the map to keep them isolated. This practice can help identify safe zones, and services like hospitals and schools can be built in these low-risk areas.

This topic says that proper planning is needed before developing land for various purposes. It mentions the advantages of this practice, which would help save the lives and property of the people during the calamity.

The topic discusses the necessity to create awareness and inform people about how to act during the flood. It suggests several tasks be taken care of by people during emergencies. It highlights the need for warnings by the government.

This topic describes drought and famine. It defines both the states and highlights the causes, duration, and nature of these calamities. It aims to explain the link between both the phenomena and their impact.

The topic teaches us that droughts and famines destroy habitat and lead to migration. It focuses on their effects and consequences on humans, agriculture, infrastructure, and the overall economy. It mentions that drought can lead to cause famine.

The topic focuses on the revival of the existing system for utilising water properly. It talks about the upliftment and maintenance of artificial ponds, canals, and wells in areas of droughts. The example of Kandi belt villages is provided.

This topic discusses the installation of a rainwater harvesting system. This system can store the water and use it during scarcity. The water system can be connected to ponds that would filter it for usage and increase the groundwater level.

The topic presents the construction of dams as a mitigation measure for droughts. It highlights the need and advantage of a dam. It also talks about the usage of dams, particularly in storing water for drought situations.

This topic explores the process of desalination and its purpose. It describes desalination, which is used to make water fit for drinking. It also highlights that it is a source of water that does not depend on rainfall.

This topic teaches the importance of monitoring the areas which are drought and famine-prone. It discusses the merits of this mechanism to warn the people and help them prepare. Further, it suggests monitoring the outbreak of drought as well.

This topic concentrates on creating awareness and its importance. It says that various agencies should hold programmes and activities to deal with drought situations. It also highlights the need for students' participation.

The topic discusses the provision of crop insurance during a drought. It informs that famine affects the agricultural sector as well. Farmers, who have lost crops due to reasons like shortage of water, are to be provided with crop insurance.

The topic sheds light on the cloud burst phenomenon. It discusses a story to describe the intensity and nature of this disaster. Further, it explains the causes, occurrence, effects, and mitigation measures of cloud burst.