Mary Jones, Richard Fosbery, Dennis Taylor and, Jennifer Gregory Solutions for Chapter: Immunity, Exercise 14: EXAM-STYLE QUESTIONS

A student made drawings of four blood cells as shown in the diagram:

The correct identification of the cells is :

The following occur during the response to infection:

1. Attachment of bacteria to cell surface membrane of phagocyte. 

2. Movement of phagocyte to site of infection by bacteria.

3. Formation of phagocytic vacuole.

4. Fusion of lysosomes to the phagocytic vacuole.

5. Infolding of cell surface membrane.

6. Release of enzymes into the phagocytic vacuole.

Which type of immunity is provided by vaccination?

Which describes the cells that produce monoclonal antibodies (Mabs)?

Tetanus is a bacterial disease that may be acquired during accidents in which a wound is exposed to the soil.

B-lymphocytes originate from the stem cells in bone marrow, mature and circulate around the body. Following infection by tetanus bacteria, some B-lymphocytes will become activated as shown in the diagram.

Explain the role of stem cells in the production of lymphocytes.
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Tetanus is a bacterial disease that may be acquired during accidents in which a wound is exposed to the soil.

B-lymphocytes originate from the stem cells in bone marrow, mature and circulate around the body. Following infection by tetanus bacteria, some B-lymphocytes will become activated as shown in the diagram.

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Explain how cell H is responsible for long-term immunity to tetanus.

Phagocytes and lymphocytes are both present in samples of blood.

Describe how the structure of a phagocyte differs from the structure of a lymphocyte.

Rearrange the following statements to produce a flow diagram to show how Mabs are produced.

1. Hybridoma cells are cultured.

2. Mouse is injected with antigen.

3. Mouse plasma cells are fused with cancer cells.

4.  Hybridoma cells that make an appropriate antibody are cloned.

5. Mouse B-lymphocytes that recognise the antigen become plasma cells.