Exercise 1

Which of the following compounds can be separated by water ?

What are $\mathrm{P}$ and $\mathrm{Q}$?

Identify the major products, $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$, in the following sequence of transformations.

The product ($\mathrm{Y}$) of the following sequence of the reactions would be

Give the product ($\mathrm{P}$) of the above reaction sequence.

The compounds $\mathrm{P}, \mathrm{Q}$ and $\mathrm{S}$ are separately subjected to nitration using ${\mathrm{HNO}}_3/{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ mixture. The major product formed in each case respectively are

The reaction of phenol with $\mathrm{NaOH}$, followed by heating with ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ under high pressure, and the subsequent acidification, gives the compound $\mathrm{X}$ as the major product, which can be purified by steam distillation. When reacted with acetic anhydride, in the presence of a trace amount of concentrated ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$, the compound $\mathrm{X}$ produces $\mathrm{Y}$ as the major product. The compound $\mathrm{Y}$ is