NUCLEAR REACTIONS

The irradiation of lithium and beryllium targets by a monoergic stream of protons reveals that the reaction ${\mathrm{Li}}^7(p, n){\mathrm{Be}}^7$$-1.65 \mathrm{MeV}$ is initiated whereas the reaction ${\mathrm{Be}}^9(p, n){\mathrm{B}}^9-1.85 \mathrm{MeV}$ does not take place. Find the possible values of kinetic energy of the protons.

To activate the reaction $(n, \mathrm{\alpha })$ with stationary ${\mathrm{B}}^{11}$ nuclei, neutrons must have the threshold kinetic energy, $T_{\mathrm{th}}=4.0 \mathrm{MeV}$. Find the energy of this reaction.

Calculate the threshold kinetic energies of protons required to activate the reactions $(p, n)$ and $(p, d)$ with ${\mathrm{Li}}^7$ nuclei.

Excess of the mass of atoms $∆{\mathrm{Li}}^7=0.01601 \mathrm{amu}, ∆{\mathrm{Be}}^7=0.01693 \mathrm{amu}$ and of neutron and proton are$∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{p}}=0.00783 \mathrm{amu} \mathrm{and} ∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{n}}=0.00867 \mathrm{amu}$

$1 \mathrm{amu}=1.67\times {10}^{-24} \mathrm{g}$ and $1 \mathrm{amu}$ is equivalent to $931.5 \mathrm{MeV}$ of energy.

Using the tabular values of atomic masses, find the threshold kinetic energy of an alpha particle required to activate the nuclear reaction ${\mathrm{Li}}^7(\mathrm{\alpha }, n){\mathrm{B}}^{10}$. What is the velocity of the ${\mathrm{B}}^{10}$ nucleus in this case?

Excess of the mass of atoms $∆{\mathrm{Li}}^7=0.01601 \mathrm{amu}, ∆{\mathrm{Be}}^{10}=0.01294 \mathrm{amu}$ and of neutron and $\alpha -$particles are$∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}=0.00260 \mathrm{amu} \mathrm{and} ∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{n}}=0.00867 \mathrm{amu}$

$1 \mathrm{amu}=1.67\times {10}^{-24} \mathrm{g}$ and $1 \mathrm{amu}$ is equivalent to $931.5 \mathrm{MeV}$ of energy.

A neutron with kinetic energy, $T=10 \mathrm{MeV}$ activates a nuclear reaction, ${\mathrm{C}}^{12}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Be}}^9$ whose threshold is, $T_{th}=6.17 \mathrm{MeV}$. Find the kinetic energy of the alpha-particles outgoing at right angles to the incoming neutron's direction.

How much, in percent, does the threshold energy of gamma quantum exceed the binding energy of a deuteron $\left(E_{\mathrm{b}}=2.2 \mathrm{MeV}\right)$ in the reaction $\mathrm{\gamma }+H^2\to n+p$?

A proton with kinetic energy, $T=1.5 \mathrm{MeV}$ is captured by a deuteron ${\mathrm{H}}^2$. Find the excitation energy of the formed nucleus.

Excess of the mass of atoms $∆{\mathrm{He}}^3=0.01603 \mathrm{amu}, ∆\mathrm{d}=0.01410 \mathrm{amu}$ and of neutron and proton are$∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{p}}=0.00783 \mathrm{amu} \mathrm{and} ∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{n}}=0.00867 \mathrm{amu}$

$1 \mathrm{amu}=1.67\times {10}^{-24} \mathrm{g}$ and $1 \mathrm{amu}$ is equivalent to $931.5 \mathrm{MeV}$ of energy.

The yield of the nuclear reaction ${\mathrm{C}}^{13}(d, n) {\mathrm{N}}^{14}$ has maximum magnitudes at the following values of kinetic energy $T_i$ of bombarding deuterons: $0.60, 0.90, 1.55,$ and $1.80 \mathrm{MeV}$. Making use of the table of atomic masses, find the corresponding energy levels of the transitional nucleus through which this reaction proceeds.

Excess of the mass of atoms $∆{\mathrm{C}}^{13}=0.00335 \mathrm{amu}, ∆{\mathrm{N}}^{15}=0.00011 \mathrm{amu} \text{and} ∆\mathrm{d}=0.01410 \mathrm{amu}$ and of neutron and proton are$∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{p}}=0.00783 \mathrm{amu} \text{and} ∆{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{n}}=0.00867 \mathrm{amu}$

$1 \mathrm{amu}=1.67\times {10}^{-24} \mathrm{g}$ and $1 \mathrm{amu}$ is equivalent to $931.5 \mathrm{MeV}$ of energy.