Test Your Knowledge

Give the name and structure of an aldehyde derived from methane.

Draw the structure of the following compound:
Ethanoic acid

What would be observed by adding a $5\%$ solution of alkaline potassium permanganate drop by drop to warm ethanol taken in a test tube? Write the name of the compound formed during the chemical reaction.

How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid on the basis of a chemical property?

Draw the structure of methane by showing sharing of electrons between carbon and hydrogen atoms. How will you convert methane into chloroform (${\mathrm{CHCl}}_3$) by substitution reaction? Explain with the help of chemical equations.

Write the name and general formula of a chain of hydrocarbons in which an addition reaction with hydrogen can take place. Stating the essential conditions required for an addition reaction to occur, write the chemical equation giving the name of the reactant and the product of such a reaction.

State the meaning of functional group in a carbon compound. Write the functional group present in
(i) ethanol and (ii) ethanoic acid. Draw their structures.

What will you observe when you drop a small piece of sodium into ethanol? Name the gas evolved. How will you test this gas? Write the chemical equation of the reaction taking place.