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What do we use to measure temperature?

Aslam used a thermometer having $20$ smaller divisions between two consecutive bigger marks of $30° \mathrm{C}$ and $40°\mathrm{C}$. While determining the temperature of a liquid using this thermometer, he observed that the level of mercury becomes constant in just two smaller divisions below the $80° \mathrm{C}$ mark. The temperature of the liquid is

Is the boiling point of alcohol higher or lower than that of mercury?

Name three commonly used scales to measure temperature.

Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using alcohol in a thermometer.

Why are liquids commonly used in thermometers? Could solids and gases be used in thermometers?

A new temperature scale with the unit ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{W}$ is invented taking ${37}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ as the lower fixed point $\left(0^{\circ }\mathrm{W}\right)$ and $\left({100}^{\circ } \mathrm{C}\right)$ as the upper fixed point. The interval is divided into $63$ parts. What would the melting point of ice$\left(0^{\circ } \mathrm{C}\right)$ be on the new scale?

A thermometer contains mercury.