Exercise

The equation below shows a chemical reaction.
$\mathrm{X}$ is a non-metal, but $\mathrm{Y}$ is a metal.

${\mathrm{H}}^{\left[+\right]}\mathrm{X}+{\mathrm{YOH}}^{\left[-\right]}\to \mathrm{YX}+\mathrm{HOH} \mathrm{YOH}\to \mathrm{YX}+\mathrm{HOH}$

What is the chemical nature of $\mathrm{YX}$?

Write your answer in terms of acid/base/salt.

Sunita carried out the following reactions in the laboratory:

• Complete neutralisation of one mole of sodium carbonate with hydrochloric acid
• Complete neutralisation of one mole of sodium bicarbonate with hydrochloric acid

She found that the amount of carbon dioxide formed in both the reactions was the same.

Sunita carried out the following reactions in the laboratory:

Complete neutralisation of one mole of sodium carbonate with hydrochloric acid
Complete neutralisation of one mole of sodium bicarbonate with hydrochloric acid

How does the amount of salt formed in case (i) compare with the amount of salt formed in case (ii)?

To prepare a salad dressing, Parag adds a solution of sodium chloride in distilled water to vinegar.

State what change will occur in the following:

• The pH of the vinegar
• The acidity of the vinegar

Rajesh was given a substance and asked to identify it. He conducted three tests on the substance and recorded the results below. (P) It releases carbon dioxide, water, and a sodium salt on heating with water. (Q) It turns universal indicator greenish-blue. (R) It can be prepared from ammonia as a raw material.

What substance was Rajesh given?

Rajesh was given a substance and asked to identify it. He conducted three tests on the substance and recorded the results below. (P) It releases carbon dioxide, water, and a sodium salt on heating with water. (Q) It turns universal indicator greenish-blue. (R) It can be prepared from ammonia as a raw material.

Give one use of the substance based on the properties mentioned in P and Q.

Rajesh was given a substance and asked to identify it. He conducted three tests on the substance and recorded the results below. (P) It releases carbon dioxide, water, and a sodium salt on heating with water. (Q) It turns universal indicator greenish-blue. (R) It can be prepared from ammonia as a raw material.

Rajesh later read that recrystallisation of the sodium salt formed in P gives another basic salt that is used in manufacture of borax.

Identify the sodium salt formed in P.

One molecule of an 'ic' acid of a non-metal having $5$ electrons in a valence shell reacts with a molecule of a base to form a salt $\mathrm{X}$. The base corresponds to the metal with one electron in the valence shell. If the salt so formed can react with the same base in $1:2$ ratio, predict the formula of the salt $\mathrm{X}$.