Question

List the economic and political causes of the Revolt of 1857.

Accepted Answer

Economics Causes:

The British policy of economically exploiting India was the main source of popular discontent. This had an impact on all aspects of society.

The peasants suffered a lot due to the various land settlement policies of the British officials, like the Permanent Settlement in Bengal.

The British considered India as an exporter of raw materials and purchaser of finished British goods. Consequently, there was rampant deindustrialization in India.

Political Causes:

The British annexation policy led to the disappearance of the ruling classes. The Mughal dynasty was nearly extinct.

The rulers who accepted the Subsidiary Alliance lost their independence. Their armies were disbanded, and they were forced to rely on the Company for all of their needs.

The strict application of the Doctrine of Lapse policy turned Rani Lakshmi Bai against the British. She was the leader of the revolt in Jhansi.

Lord Dalhousie annexed Awadh to the Company's territories on February $13, 1856$ . This was done under the guise of the Nawab Wajid Ali Shah's alleged misrule. However, this caused a great deal of resentment among Awadh's ruling elite and the Indian sepoys working for the East India Company.

R K Jain Solutions for Chapter: The Great Uprising, Exercise 5: Time to Learn

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