Question

Number the events in the order in which they took place.

(a) Withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement

(b) Arrival of the Simon Commission

(c) Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh

(d) Achievement of Independence

(e) Satyagraha at Champaran

(f) Kakori Conspiracy Case

(g) The Dandi March

(h) Start of the Quit India Movement

Accepted Answer

The events in the order in which they took place are as follows:

1. (e) Satyagraha at Champaran: The first movement in which Gandhiji got involved was at Champaran in Bihar in 1917. Here, peasants on the indigo plantations were forced to sell indigo at prices fixed by the European planters.

2. (c) Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh: On 13 April 1919 (the festival of Baisakhi was being celebrated on this day), people gathered in a park in Amritsar, called the Jallianwala Bagh, to protest against these arrests. General Dyer, the military commander of Amritsar, came to the park with some soldiers and blocked the only entrance of the park. He then ordered his men to open fire. The firing lasted for nearly 10 minutes, hundreds of people were killed, and thousands were critically wounded.

3. (a) Withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement: On 5 February, 1922, a crowd of peasants was leading a protest march through the village. The police beat a volunteer picketing shop. This agitated the peasants, and they set fire to the police station. Twenty-two policemen died. Mahatma Gandhi was strictly against any violence, and he immediately withdrew the movement.

4. (f) Kakori Conspiracy Case: The Kakori Conspiracy Case was instituted by the British government against 29 revolutionaries accused of being involved, directly or otherwise, in a daring train dacoity.

5. (b) Arrival of the Simon Commission: In November 1927, the government appointed a commission to look into the working of the Government of India Act of 1919 and suggest further administrative reforms. This commission was called the Simon Commission after its chairman, Sir John Simon.

6. (g) The Dandi March: Gandhiji always thought of innovative methods to oppose the government. This time, he decided to break the Salt Law. The government had a monopoly on the manufacture and sale of salt. People had to buy salt from the government. So this was an issue that touched the life of every Indian.

7. (h) Start of the Quit India Movement: In August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement (Bharat Chhodo Andolan). On 8 August 1942 in Bombay, a resolution was passed by the All India Congress Committee declaring its demand for an immediate end of British rule. Congress decided to organise mass struggles all over the country. Gandhiji's slogan "Do or Die" (Karo ya Maro) inspired the entire nation. Every man, woman and child began to dream of a free India.

8. (d) Achievement of Independence: On 15 August 1947, India became independent after almost 200 years of British rule. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of India.

R K Jain Solutions for Chapter: The National Movement: Second Phase, Exercise 5: Time to Learn

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