Draw structure for the following 2 -Methylpentanal

The word root ‘pent’ suggests that there are 5 carbon atoms in the parent chain, the prefix indicates that a methyl group is substituted at the 2 - position, the primary suffix ‘an’ indicates that the parent chain is saturated and the secondary suffix ‘al’ indicates that an aldehyde is present at the 1 - position. C 5 H 3 - C 4 H 2 - C 3 H 2 - C 2 H | CH 3 - C 1 HO 2 - Methylpentanal .

Write short notes on the stephen reaction.

Alkyl nitriles undergo reduction with the help of tin (II) chloride and hydrochloric acid and form an intermediate imine salt which undergoes hydrolysis with water, giving the final result as aldehydes. R − CN + 2 [ H ] → SnCl 2 / dil . HCl R − CH = NHHCl → H 2 O R − CHO + NH 4 Cl

Explain the following reaction: Cannizzaro reaction

Cannizzaro's reaction: The self oxidation-reduction (disproportionation) reaction of aldehydes which do not have α -hydrogen atom, on treatment with concentrated alkali is known as the Cannizzaro's reaction. In this reaction, two molecules of aldehydes participate where one is reduced to alcohol and the other is oxidised to carboxylic acid. For example, when methanal is treated with concentrated potassium hydroxide, methanol and potassium methanoate are produced. 2 HCHO → Con . KOH CH 3 OH + HCOOK