Name: Homologous and Analogous Organs
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 4 min 30 s
Description: A whale, a human and a bird, may be very different in appearance but share a common ancestry. All 3 had the same ancestors, and the proof of that is homologo...

Question

Describe Monohybrid cross and discuss the salient features which emerge from such a cross.

Accepted Answer

A mono-hybrid cross is one in which both parents are heterozygous (or a hybrid) for a single (mono) trait. The trait might be petal colour in pea plants. When conducting crosses, the first generation is called P, the second generation is F₁ (F is for filial), and the next generation is F₂.

Using mono hybrid crosses, Mendel observed that although different alleles could influence a single trait, they remained indivisible and could be inherited separately.

Additionally, the allele could be present but invisible in one generation, only to reappear in the next generation. The Law of Segregation states that during gamete formation, the two alleles at a gene locus segregate from each other; each gamete has an equal probability of containing either allele. From the observation that the recessive parental trait is expressed without any blending in the F₂ generation, we can infer that, when the purple flower plant and white flower plant produce gametes, by the process of meiosis, the alleles of the parental pair separate or segregate from each other and only one allele is transmitted to a gamete. This segregation of alleles is a random process and so there is a $50$ percent chance of a gamete containing either allele, as has been verified by the results of the crossings.

Describe Monohybrid cross and discuss the salient features which emerge from such a cross.

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