Question

Describe different parts of a chromosome with a diagram.

Accepted Answer

The nucleus contains most of the cell's DNA which is organised into discrete units called chromosomes. The parts of a chromosome are the Centromere or Kinetochore, Telomeres, Chromatids and Chromatin.

Centromere or Kinetochore: It is the primary constriction at the centre to which the chromatids or spindle fibres are attached. Its function is to enable the movement of the chromosome during the anaphase stage of cell division.

Chromatid: During cell division, a chromosome is divided into 2 identical half strands joined by a centromere. A chromatid is each half of the chromosome joined. Each chromatid contains DNA and separates at Anaphase to form a separate chromosome. Both chromatids are attached to each other through the centromere.

Telomere: Telomere is the end of the chromatid. It protects the end of the chromosome from damage and stops them from attaching to each other.

Chromatin: It is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The chromatin consists of DNA, RNA, and protein.

Describe different parts of a chromosome with a diagram.

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