Observe the following and answers the question given below. Name the reactive intermediate produced.

Homolytic fission involves symmetrical breaking of a covalent bond because the electronegativities of both the species are the same. It is favoured in the presence of UV radiation or peroxide or high temperature and gives rise to free radicals. Methyl free radicals are produced as intermediates in the homolytic fission of ethane molecule. CH 3 - CH 3 → UV light CH 3 Methyl free radical • + CH 3 Methyl free radical •

Observe the following and answers the question given below. Indicate the movement of electrons by a suitable arrow to produce the intermediate formed.

Homolytic fission involves symmetrical breaking of a covalent bond because the electronegativities of both the species are the same. It is favoured in the presence of UV radiation or peroxide or high temperature and gives rise to free radicals. Methyl free radicals are produced as intermediates in the homolytic fission of ethane molecule. Movement of a single electron is represented by a half headed curved arrow or the fishhook.

Observe the following and answers the question given below. Comment on the stability of the intermediate produced.

Homolytic fission involves symmetrical breaking of a covalent bond because the electronegativities of both the species are the same. It is favoured in the presence of UV radiation or peroxide or high temperature and gives rise to free radicals. Methyl free radicals are produced as intermediates in the homolytic fission of ethane molecule. A free radical is unstable and very reactive species, having a tendency to seek an electron for pairing. Free radicals have only transitory existence. They are formed as reaction intermediate which subsequently reacts with radical / molecule to restore stable bonding pair.

Electronic displacement in a covalent bond is represented by the following notation. CH 3 ⊕ δ → CH 2 ⊕ δ → Cl ⊝ δ Is the displacement of electrons in a covalent bond temporary or permanent.

Inductive effect is defined as the polarisation of the sigma bond due to the polarisation of the adjacent sigma bond as a result of the different electronegativity of bonded atoms. That is, it involves the displacement of sigma electrons and it is a permanent electronic effect. The direction of the arrowhead indicates the direction of the permanent electron displacement taken place along the sigma bond in the ground state. Thus, in the given compound chloroethane the electronic displacement in covalent bond represents the permanent electronic effect, nothing but the inductive effect due to the presence of electronegative chlorine atom.