Distinguish multiple bar diagrams and component bar diagrams.
Important Points to Remember in Chapter -1 - Diagrammatic and Graphical Representation of Data from Tamil Nadu Board Statistics Standard 11 Solutions
1. Meaning of Diagrams and Graphs:
(i) Diagram: A visual form for presenting statistical data.
(ii) Graphs: Diagrams showing relation between two quantities.
2. Types of Diagrams:
(i) Simple Bar Diagram: Plotting of data along horizontal or vertical base using rectangular bars.
(ii) Pareto Diagram:The bars are arranged in the descending order with a line representing the cumulative frequencies (in).
(iii) Multiple Bar Diagram: Bars with equal width are placed adjacently for each cluster of values.
(iv) Component Bar Diagram (Sub-divided Bar Diagram): The bars are stacked.
(v) Percentage Bar Diagram:The heights of the components represent the percentages.
(vi) Pie Diagram: A circular diagram divided into different sectors with angle at the centre in proportion with the given value.
(vii) Pictogram: A diagrammatic representation of statistical data using pictures of resemblance
3. Types of Graphs:
(i) Histogram: An attached bar graph displaying the distribution of a frequency distribution in visual form.
(ii) Frequency Polygon: Obtained by joining the midpoints of the top of each vertical bar of a histogram by line segments.
(iii) Frequency Curve: Drawn by smoothing the vertices of the frequency polygon.
(iv) Cumulative Frequency Curves (Ogives): Drawn to represent the cumulative frequency distribution.
(a) Less than cumulative frequency of each class is marked against the corresponding upper limit.
(b) More than cumulative frequency of each class is marked against the corresponding lower limit.
