The scutellum is a single shield-shaped cotyledon present in the monocot seed. It is a very thin structure that is called a seed leaf. It is located on the lateral side of the embryonal axis. It forms the first leaves of the shoot. The main function of the cotyledon in monocot seed is to act as a passage for the transfer of nutrients from the endosperm to the developing embryo. It is found in grasses, rice, etc.

Write the advantages of cross pollination.

Cross-pollination, also called heterogamy, is a type of pollination in which male gamete bearing pollen grains are transferred from the anther of the flower of one plant to the stigma of the pistil of the flowers of another plant. There are some advantages of cross-pollination, which are mentioned below. Progeny shows enhanced vigour. It leads to the production of new varieties. Offspring are more viable and resistant. There is a possibility to get new desirable characters. Yields of crop can be maintained. It creates variations that helps in the process of evolution of organisms. Undesirable characters of the plant can be eliminated through artificial hybridization.

Draw a neat diagrammatic view of an anatropous ovule and label embryo sac and micropyle.

Ovules are the megasporangium of angiosperms that consist of embryo sacs. These are protected by two layers of integuments. Integuments leave a narrow pore at one end of the ovule, it is called micropyle. The place of origin of the integuments, lies opposite to the micropyle is called chalaza.

The scutellum is a single shield-shaped cotyledon present in the monocot seed. It is a very thin structure that is called a seed leaf. It is located on the lateral side of the embryonal axis. It forms the first leaves of the shoot. The main function of the cotyledon in monocot seed is to act as a passage for the transfer of nutrients from the endosperm to the developing embryo. It is found in grasses, rice, etc.

What is emasculation?

Emasculation can be best defined as the removal of male reproductive parts (anthers) from a bisexual flower without affecting the female parts (pistil) before the anthers mature. This method is used for preventing self-pollination (transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower) in a bisexual flower.