The formation of new plants from an embryo without meiosis and fertilization is called apomixis. According to Hans Winkler (1908), "Replacement of general sexual reproduction by any such method in which meiosis and fertilization do not occur is termed apomixis." In this method, the embryos are formed from haploid cells present in the embryo sac like egg, synergids, etc., or from diploid cells in the ovule like nucellus, integuments, etc. The plants formed by apomixis are either haploid or diploid in nature. Examples: Datura , Maize, etc.

Define triple fusion. What is the product of this process?

Triple fusion is the process that occurs in the angiosperms or flowering plants. It is the process in which other male gametes move two haploid polar nuclei (i.e. located in the central cell) and thus forming the triploid structure called as primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). Endosperm is produced as a result of triple fusion post fertilization. The endosperm acts as a reserve food material and thus used for the nutrition of the developing embryo and gets vanished. The endosperm acts as a source of starch though it also contains oil.

Write a short note on apomixis.

The formation of new plants from an embryo without meiosis and fertilisation is called apomixis. According to Hans Winkler (1908), "Replacement of general sexual reproduction by any such method in which meiosis and fertilisation do not occur is termed apomixis." In this method, the embryos are formed from haploid cells present in the embryo sac like egg, synergids, etc., or from diploid cells in the ovule like nucellus, integuments, etc. The plants formed by apomixis are either haploid or diploid in nature. Examples: Datura , Maize, etc.