Some compounds and their nature are shown in the table. Complete the table by finding out the electron negativity difference between the constituent elements. Compounds Difference in electronegativity of the constituent elements Nature of the compound Carbon monoxide CO 3 . 44 - 2 . 55 = 0 . 89 Covalent Sodium chloride NaCl Ionic Methane CH 4 Covalent Magnesium chloride MgCl 2 Ionic Sodium oxide Na 2 O Ionic

The tendency of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself is called as the electronegativity. Using the Pauling's electronegativity scale, we can complete the following table as, Compounds Difference in electronegativity of the constituent elements Nature of the compound Carbon monoxide CO 3 . 44 - 2 . 55 = 0 . 89 Covalent Sodium chloride NaCl 3 . 16 - 0 . 93 = 2 . 23 Ionic Methane CH 4 2 . 55 - 2 . 20 = 0 . 35 Covalent Magnesium chloride MgCl 2 3 . 16 - 1 . 31 = 1 . 85 Ionic Sodium oxide Na 2 O 3 . 44 - 0 . 93 = 2 . 51 Ionic

Consider the hydrogen chloride molecule HCl . What is the electronegativity of hydrogen? What is the electronegativity of chlorine? The atomic nucleus of which of these elements has a greater tendency to attract the shared pair of electrons?

The tendency of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself is called as the electronegativity. According to the Pauling's scale, the electronegativity of hydrogen is 2 . 2 . Chorine is a halogen and an electronegative non-metal. According to the Pauling's scale, the electronegativity of chlorine is 3 . 16 . Halogens are highly electronegative due to the high effective nuclear charge compared to hydrogen. Therefore, chlorine will have a greater tendency to attract the shared pair of electrons.

E M B I B E

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

HARD

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

Draw the electron dot diagram of carbon and chlorine.

Important Questions on Chemical Bonding

EASY

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

How many electrons are required for a carbon atom to complete its octet?

EASY

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

How many electrons are required for a chlorine atom to complete its octet?

HARD

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

How many chlorine atoms have to combine with a carbon atom to complete its octet during the formation of carbon tetrachloride?

MEDIUM

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

Which type of chemical bond is possible in carbon tetrachloride molecule?

HARD

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

Examples of some covalent compounds are given draw the chemical bonds of the compounds by using electron dot diagram.

${CH}_{4}, HF, H_{2} O$

HARD

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1

Some compounds and their nature are shown in the table. Complete the table by finding out the electron negativity difference between the constituent elements.

Compounds	Difference in electronegativity of the constituent elements	Nature of the compound
Carbon monoxide $(CO)$	$3.44 - 2.55 = 0.89$	Covalent
Sodium chloride $(NaCl)$		Ionic
Methane $({CH}_{4})$		Covalent
Magnesium chloride $({MgCl}_{2})$		Ionic
Sodium oxide $({Na}_{2} O)$		Ionic

HARD

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

Consider the hydrogen chloride molecule

(HCl)

.

What is the electronegativity of hydrogen?
What is the electronegativity of chlorine?
The atomic nucleus of which of these elements has a greater tendency to attract the shared pair of electrons?

HARD

9th Kerala Board

IMPORTANT

Chemistry Standard IX Part 1>Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding>Exercise 1>Q •

During the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom donates one electron and this electron is accepted by the chlorine atom. What is the valency of these elements?

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