Isomers are the organic compounds having same molecular formula, but different arrangements of carbon atoms or simply different structures. For example, butane can exist in two isomeric forms such as n-butane and iso-butane.

Complete the following table: Straight chain of Carbon compounds Structural formula Molecular formula Name C CH 4 Methane C - C _____ _____ Ethane C - C - C _____ C 3 H 8 _____ C - C - C - C _____ _____

Straight chain of Carbon compounds Structural formula Molecular formula Name C CH 4 Methane C - C C 2 H 6 Ethane C - C - C C 3 H 8 Propane C - C - C - C C 4 H 10 Butane Methane, ethane, propane and butane are saturated hydrocarbons containing 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 carbon atoms respectively. Saturated hydrocarbons are the simplest of the hydrocarbon species and are composed entirely of single bonds. All these hydrocarbons belong to the alkane homologous series. The general formula for alkanes is C n H 2 n + 2 . So, the chemical formula for ethane is C 2 H 6 , for propane it is C 3 H 8 and the formula for butane is C 4 H 10 .

EASY

Earn 100

Draw the structure of propyne.

Important Questions on Carbon Compounds

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Write the names, molecular formula and structural formula of first four hydrocarbons.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

What are isomers?

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Complete the following table:

Straight chain of Carbon compounds	Structural formula	Molecular formula	Name
$C$		${CH}_{4}$	Methane
$C - C$	_____	_____	Ethane
$C - C - C$	_____	$C_{3} H_{8}$	_____
$C - C - C - C$		_____	_____

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

The number of covalent bonds in Pentane

(C_{5} H_{12})

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

What is the value of

H - C - H

bond angle in methane?

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Draw the structure of the compound of carbon given below.

Chloropropane.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Draw the structures of the following.

(i) Hexanal

(ii) Propanone

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

How many structural isomers can you draw for pentane?

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Give one example of a hydrocarbon, other than pentane, having more than three isomers.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

How many structural isomers can you draw of pentane?

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Draw the electron dot structure of ethane, ethanol and ethanal.

HARD

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Write the structural formulae and IUPAC names of the isomers represented by

C_{5} H_{12}

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

How many isomers of the following hydrocarbon are possible?

C_{4} H_{10}

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Draw a three-dimensional structure of methane molecule. Give the structural formula of the next two higher homologues of methane.

EASY

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

In addition to some propane and ethane, LPG cylinders contain mainly two isomers of another alkane. Name the two isomers and write their condensed structural formula.

MEDIUM

Science>Chemistry>Carbon Compounds>Straight, Branched and Ring Chains of Carbon Atoms

Write down the structures and names of two isomers of butane