Draw two Newman projection formulae and two sawhorse formulae for the propane molecule.

(i) Observe the compounds $\left(\mathrm{a}\right)$ to $\left(\mathrm{e}\right)$

(ii) Identify the compounds those contain a ring of carbon atoms only.

(iii) Identify the compounds in which ring contains at least one atom other than carbon.

Identify the compounds those contain a ring of carbon atoms only.

Identify the compounds in which ring contains at least one atom other than carbon.

Consider the following reaction:

$2{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{OH} + 2\mathrm{Na}\to 2{\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{ONa} + {\mathrm{H}}_2$

Compare the structure of the substrate propanol with that of the product sodium propoxide. Which part of the substrate, the carbon skeleton, or the $\mathrm{OH}$ group has undergone a change during the reaction?

Observe the structural formulae (i) and (ii). Find out their molecular formulae. What is the difference between them? What is the relation between the two compounds represented by these structural formulae?

Some bond fissions are described in the following table. For each of them, show the movement of electrons using curved arrow notation. Classify them as homolysis or heterolysis and identify the intermediate species produced as carbocation, carbanion or free radical.