Explain, using diagram, why a proton $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ is another name for a hydrogen ion.

Suggest what is happening to the water molecule in the following two reactions.

$\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\to {\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)$

${\mathrm{NH}}_3\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\to {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)$

Identify the pH of the reaction products in the following reaction.

${\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+\mathrm{KOH}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\to {\mathrm{KNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)$

Compare the expressions: A concentrated solution of an acid and a solution of a strong acid

The following word equation shows how metal hydroxides react with ammonium compounds:

Sodium hydroxide (s) $+$ Ammonium chloride (aq) $\to$Sodium chloride (aq) $+$ Water (l) $+$ Ammonia $\left({\mathrm{NH}}_3\right)$ (g)

Identify the ionic compounds in the reaction.