Name: Adaptive Radiation
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 6 min 34 s
Description: Adaptive radiation occurs when a species is confined to an isolated region and adapts to its new habitat, raising multiple diverse species from a single comm...

Question

Explain about Hardy-Weinberg principle.

Accepted Answer

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.

The gene pool remains constant. This is called genetic equilibrium. Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is $1$ . Individual frequencies for example can be named $p . q .$ etc. In a diploid $p$ and $q$ represents the frequency of allele $A$ and allele $a$ .

The frequency of $AA$ individual in a population is $\to p^{2}$ , in another ways i.e. the probability that an allele $A$ with a frequency of $p$ appear on both the chromosomes of a diploid individual is simply the product of probabilities i.e. $p^{2}$ . Similarly of $aa$ is $q^{2}$ , of $Aa 2 pq$ .

Hence, $p^{2} + 2 pq + q^{2} = 1$ .

This is a binomial expansion of ${(p + q)}^{2}$ . When frequency measured, differs from expected values, the difference (direction) indicates the extent evolutionary change. Disturbance in genetic equilibrium or Hardly-Weinberg equilibrium i.e. change of frequency of allele in a population would be interpreted as resulting in evolution.

Explain about Hardy-Weinberg principle.

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