Explain how an $-\mathrm{OH}$ group attached to a carbon in the benzene ring activates benzene towards electrophilic substitution.

How are the following conversions carried out ? (Write the reactions and conditions in each case):

Ethanol to propan-$2$-ol

How are the following conversions carried out ? (Write the reactions and conditions in each case):

Phenol to acetophenone.

Give the chemical tests to distinguish between compounds in the following pairs.

Phenol and benzyl alcohol.

Give chemical tests to distinguish between compounds in each of the following pairs:

Butan-$2$-ol and $2$-methylpropan-$2$-ol.

What are monohydric alcohols and how are they classified?

Give any three methods of preparation of ethyl alcohol.