Name: Hatch and Slack Pathway (C4 Cycle)
Uploaded: 2019-07-19
Duration: 9 min 34 s
Description: Not all plants approach photosynthesis in the same exact way. Learn about the fascinating C4 cycle and how it occurs in certain kinds of plants.

Question

Explain various aspects of Mitchell chemiosmotic hypothesis, with the help of diagrams.

Accepted Answer

Peter Mitchell suggested the Chemiosmotic Theory in 1961. It clarifies how ATP is synthesized in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. ATP and NADP are generated during the photochemical process or light reaction. These are the main components used in the dark reaction to produce photosynthesis' final product: sugar molecules.

According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, ATP development is the result of a proton gradient formed across the membrane of thylakoids. Proton gradient, proton pump, and ATP synthase are all necessary components for chemiosmosis. ATP synthase is an enzyme that aids in the production of ATP. There are two sections of the enzyme: F0 and F1 are the two options. F0 is a transmembrane channel, while changes in the configuration of F1 activate the enzymes. They phosphorylate ADP. The protein gradient that develops across a membrane is one of the driving forces of ATP Synthase.

Photosystems assist chlorophyll in absorbing light during the light reaction in plants. Hydrolysis (water splitting) occurs as a result, releasing electrons and protons. The electron transport mechanism transports the excited electrons to higher energy levels, while protons (hydrogen ions) from the stroma begin to accumulate within the membrane. A proton gradient is generated as a result of this. Photosystem I reduces protons to NADPH with the aid of some protons. When the proton gradient collapses, energy is released, and protons are transported back to the stroma via F0, ATP synthase's transmembrane channel. The ATP synthase is triggered to convert ADP to ATP by the released energy, which causes changes in F1 configuration.

Explain various aspects of Mitchell chemiosmotic hypothesis, with the help of diagrams.

Important Questions on Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

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