First order derivation of thermos emf produced in thermos - couple with respect to temperature gives

A battery of e.m.f $12 \mathrm{V}$ and internal resistance $0.5 \mathrm{\Omega }$ is charged by a battery charger which supplies a $132 \mathrm{V}$ d.c. supply using a series resistance of $11.5 \mathrm{\Omega }$. What is the terminal voltage of the battery during charging?

Consider an electrical conductor connected across a potential difference $V.$ Let $\Delta q$ be a small charge moving through it in time $\Delta t$. If $I$ is the electric current through it,
(i) the kinetic energy of the charge increases by $IV\Delta t$
(ii) the electric potential energy of the charge decreases by $IV\Delta \mathrm{t}$.
(iii) the thermal energy of the conductor increases by $IV\Delta \mathrm{t}$.

Then the correct statements is/are

In the given circuit, an ideal voltmeter connected across the $10 \mathrm{\Omega }$ resistance reads $2\mathrm{ }\mathrm{V}$ . The internal resistance $r$, of each cell is:

Two cells of the same EMF $E$ but different internal resistances $r_1$ and $r_2$ are connected in series with an external resistance $R$ as shown in the figure. The terminal potential difference across, the second cell is found to be zero. The external resistance $R$ must then be:

For the circuit shown in the figure, the current $I$ will be

Two cells of emf $2E$ and $E$ with internal resistance $r_1$and $r_2$ respectively are connected in series to an external resistor $R$ (see figure). The value of $R,$ at which the potential difference across the terminals of the first cell becomes zero is

Two cells are connected between points $A$ and $B$ as shown. Cell 1 has emf of $12 \mathrm{V}$ and internal resistance of $3 \mathrm{\Omega }$. Cell 2 has emf of $6 \mathrm{V}$ and internal resistance of $6 \mathrm{\Omega }$. An external resistor $R$ of $4 \mathrm{\Omega }$ is connected across $A$ and $B$. The current flowing through $R$ will be ______ $\mathrm{A}$.

The variation of terminal potential difference $\left(V\right)$ with current flowing through as cell is as shown

The $\mathrm{emf}$ and internal resistance of the cell are