Thermodynamic processes are indicated in the following diagram. Match the following Column – 1 Column - 2 P. Process I a. Adiabatic Q. Process II b. Isobaric R. Process III c. Isochoric S. Process IV d. Isothermal

P → c , Q → a , R → d , S → b

P → a , Q → c , R → d , S → b

P → c , Q → d , R → b , S → a

P → d , Q → b , R → a , S → c

EASY

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Graph of isometric process is :-

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Important Questions on Thermodynamics

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

The heat capacity of one mole an ideal is found to be

C_{V} = \frac{3 R (1 + a R T)}{2}

where

a

is constant. The equation obeyed by this gas during a reversible adiabatic expansion is:

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

Consider a spherical shell of radius R at temperature T. The black body radiation inside it can be considered as an ideal gas of photons with internal energy per unit volume

u = \frac{U}{V} \propto T^{4}

and pressure

p = \frac{1}{3} (\frac{U}{V})

. If the shell now undergoes an adiabatic expansion the relation between T and R is:

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

One mole of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes a process described by the equation

P V^{3} =

constant. The heat capacity of the gas during this process is

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

The bulk modulus of a gas is defined as,

B = \frac{- V d P}{d V}

. For an adiabatic process, the variation of

B

is proportional to

P^{n}

. For an ideal gas,

n

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

One mole of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion in which its volume becomes eight times its initial value. If the initial temperature of the gas is

100 K

and the universal gas constant

R = 8.0 J mo l^{- 1} K^{- 1}

, then how much is the decrease in its internal energy (in

J

) ?

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

An engine operates by taking

n

moles of an ideal gas through the cycle

A B C D A

shown in figure. The thermal efficiency of the engine is:

(Take

C_{v} = 1.5 R

, where

R

is gas constant)

Question Image

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is taken along the path

A B C A

as shown in the

P - V

diagram. The maximum temperature attained by the gas along the path

B C

is given by:
Question Image

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

One mole of a monoatomic ideal gas expanded by a process described by

P V^{3} = C

where

C

is a constant. The heat capacity of the gas during the process is given by (

R

is the gas constant)

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

An ideal gas goes through a reversible cycle

a \to b \to c \to d

has the V - T diagram shown below. Process

d \to a a n d b \to c

are adiabatic.

Question Image

The corresponding P - V diagram for the process is (all figures are schematic and not drawn to scale) :

HARD

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

A gas obeying the equation of state

P V = R T

undergoes a hypothetical reversible process described by the equation,

P V^{\frac{5}{3}} \exp (- \frac{P V}{E_{0}}) = C_{1}

, where

C_{1}

and

E_{0}

are dimensioned constants. Then, for this process, the thermal compressibility at high temperature

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

Thermodynamic processes are indicated in the following diagram.

Question Image

Match the following

Column – 1	Column - 2
P. Process I	a. Adiabatic
Q. Process II	b. Isobaric
R. Process III	c. Isochoric
S. Process IV	d. Isothermal

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

Half mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is heated at a constant pressure of

1 atm

from

20 ° C

90 ° C

. Work done by the gas is

(

Gas constant,

R = 8.21 J {mol}^{- 1} K^{- 1}

)

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

In the $P - V$ diagram below the dashed curved line is an adiabatic

Question Image

For a process that is described by a straight line joining two points $X$ and $Y$ on the adiabatic (solid line in the diagram), heat is: (Hint: Consider the variations in temperature from $X$ and $Y$ along the straight line)

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

A gas at initial temperature

T

undergoes sudden expansion from volume

V

2 V .

Then.

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

The three processes in a thermodynamic cycle shown in the figure are : Process $1 \to 2$ is isothermal; Process $2 \to 3$ is isochoric (volume remains constant); Process $1 \to 3$ is adiabatic.

Question Image

The total work done by the ideal gas in this cycle is, $10 J .$ The internal energy decreases by, $20 J$ in the isochoric process. The work done by the gas in the adiabatic process is, $- 20 J$ . The heat added to the system in the isothermal process is

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

Two moles of an ideal monoatomic gas occupies a volume $V$ at $27^{o} C$ . The gas expands adiabatically to a volume $2 V$ . Calculate $(a)$ the final temperature of the gas and $(b)$ change in its internal energy.

MEDIUM

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

A monoatomic gas is compressed from a volume of

2 m^{3}

to a volume of

1 m^{3}

at a constant pressure of

100 N m^{2}

. Then it is heated at constant volume by supplying

150 J

of energy. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

One mole of an ideal diatomic gas undergoes a transition from $A$ to $B$ along a path $AB$ as shown in the figure,

Question Image

The change in internal energy of the gas during the transition is:

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

For the given cyclic process $C A B$ as shown for a gas, the work done is:

Question Image

EASY

Physics>Heat and Thermodynamics>Thermodynamics>Thermodynamic Processes and Indicator Diagrams

A gas is compressed isothermally to half its initial volume. The same gas is compressed separately through an adiabatic process until its volume is again reduced to half. Then:

Graph of isometric process is :-

Important Questions on Thermodynamics

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