Haloalkanes contain functional group $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{X}$ where $\mathrm{X}$ is a halogen. Present all the possible structural isomers of a substituted alkane with the molecular formula ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_6{\mathrm{Cl}}_2$. State the IUPAC name of the compounds that you have presented.

Apply the IUPAC system and deduce the name of the branched chain alkane.

Apply the IUPAC system and deduce the name of the following branched chain alkane.

Apply the IUPAC system and deduce the names of the following branched chain alkane:

Apply the IUPAC system and deduce the names of the following branched chain alkane:

The alkanes discussed in the text are either straight-chain or branched. However, there is a homologous series of alkanes known as cycloalkanes. The structure of cyclohexane (${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_{12}$) is shown below as a structural formula and a skeletal formula. Cyclohexane is a liquid at room temperature.

Deduce the general formula for the cycloalkanes and use it to predict the formulas for cycloheptane and cyclooctane.

The alkanes discussed in the text are either straight-chain or branched. However, there is a homologous series of alkanes known as cycloalkanes. The structure of cyclohexane (${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_{12}$) is shown below as a structural formula and a skeletal formula. Cyclohexane is a liquid at room temperature.

On an industrial scale cyclohexane is prepared by the hydrogenation of benzene (${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_6$). Formulate an equation summarising this reaction.