The gene which contains some coding sequence of DNA known as exons intervened by non-coding sequences or introns is known as a split gene. RNA synthesis occurs from exons but does not occur from introns. In eukaryotic genes, the coding regions containing actual information, called exons, are interrupted by a few to several non-coding sequences, called introns. These are spliced out after transcription. Those are called split genes.

Anaemia is a human blood disease in which the affected person is deficient in the required amount of normal haemoglobin. This results in less oxygen carried to the tissue and subsequent symptoms of anaemia. Thalassemia a kind of anaemia is a group of diseases caused by inadequate production of alpha and beta-globin proteins. It is a genetic disorder caused by recessive autosomal genes for alpha (a) and beta (B) globin protein located in chromosome 16 and chromosome 11 of human, respectively.