Give reason for the higher boiling point of ethanol in comparison to methoxymethane.

The boiling point depends on force of attraction. Ethanol undergoes intermolecular H -bonding due to the presence of — O H group, resulting in the association of molecules. Extra energy is required to break these hydrogen bonds. On the other hand, methoxymethane does not undergo H -bonding. It is bonded by van der Waal's forces of attraction (dipole -dipole attraction). van der Waal's forces are weaker than H-bond. Hence, the boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of methoxymethane. Hydrogen bonding in ethanol.

Write the mechanism of the following reaction: CH 3 CH 2 OH → HBr CH 3 CH 2 Br + H 2 O

Here, Br - is act as a nucleophile and carbocation is Intermediate, formation of the carbocation takes place.

Write the main product(s) in the following reaction: ( CH 3 ) - C CH 3 2 - O - CH 3 + HI →

When one of the alkyl groups is a tertiary group, the halide formed is a tertiary halide. It is because, in step 2 of the reaction, the departure of leaving group HO - CH 3 creates a more stable carbocation [ ( CH 3 ) 3 C + ] , and the reaction follows the S N 1 mechanism.

Write the main product(s) in the following reaction: C 6 H 5 - OH → ii CO 2 , H + i aq . NaOH

Phenoxide ion generated by treating phenol with sodium hydroxide is even more reactive than phenol towards electrophilic aromatic substitution. Hence, it undergoes electrophilic substitution with carbon dioxide, a weak electrophile. Ortho hydroxybenzoic acid is formed as the main reaction product.

How do you convert the following? Aniline to phenol.

A diazonium salt is formed by treating an aromatic primary amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at 273-278 K. Diazonium salts are hydrolysed to phenols by warming with water or by treating with dilute acids.

How do you convert the following ? Phenol to anisole

Phenols are also converted to ethers by Williamson synthesis method. In this, phenol is used as the phenoxide moiety. Step 1: React phenol with a base ( NaOH ) to form phenoxide ion. Step 2: React with phenoxide ion formed by an alkyl halide (in this case, CH 3 X where X is any halogen atom).

Write the Riemer-Tiemann reaction.

On treating phenol with chloroform in the presence of sodium hydroxide, a –CHO group is introduced at the ortho position of the benzene ring. This reaction is known as Reimer - Tiemann reaction. Here is the chemical reaction of Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

Write chemical reactions to affect the following transformation. Butan - 1 - ol to butanoic acid

Butan - 1 - ol is reacts with Jone's reagent to form butanoic acid. Jone's reagent is the mixture of CrO 3 and H 2 SO 4 . It acts as an strong oxidising agent.

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR CHEMISTRY>Chapter -1 - Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers>Assam Board-2020>Q 19

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How do you convert the following?

Benzene to phenol.

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