State the balance sheet of respiration for CO 2 and water.

Respiration is the metabolic pathway that converts organic molecules, for example glucose, etc. In cellular respiration process, water, energy, and carbon dioxide are produced as end products. The net ATP molecules produced during aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose is 38. Six molecules of carbon dioxide are released. Six molecules of water molecules are also released.

The pyruvic acid formed by the glycolytic path enters the mitochondria and is first transformed into acetyl Co-enzyme A. Acetyl Co-enzyme A unites with oxaloacetic acid in the presence of oxygen and undergoes a series of pathways liberating larger amount of energy which is converted into ATP. In another pathway, acetyl Co-enzyme A may undergo anaerobic breakdown by fermentation to produce alcohol, carbon dioxide in yeast and lactic acid in the muscle cell etc.

The Respiration process is an important metabolic pathway in which an organism obtains energy. The initial phase of respiration is glycolysis. The process during which glucose is converted to pyruvic acid with the help of enzymes is glycolysis. Glycolysis can take place with or without the involvement of oxygen. This process takes place in prokaryotes and eukaryotes i.e., in the cytoplasm of the cell.

The series of metabolic reactions of aerobic cellular respiration, occurring in mitochondria of plant and animal cells, in which acetyl CoA is broken down to form CO 2 , ATP, NADH, and FADH 2 is known as the Krebs cycle. It is also called citric acid cycle because it is the first formed compound. It is also called the TCA or tricarboxylic acid cycle.