With the help of labelled ray diagram, explain the formation of final image which is formed at least distance of distinct vision in case of astronomical telescope. Define its magnifying power and derive an expression for its magnifying power.

Astronomical telescope: Image formation: A parallel beam of light from a heavenly body such as stars, planets, or satellites falls on the objective lens of a telescope. The objective lens forms a real, inverted, and diminished image A ' B ' of the heavenly body. This image now acts an object for the eyepiece E , whose position is adjusted so that the image lies between the focus f e and optical centre C 2 of the eyepiece. Now the eyepiece forms a virtual, inverted and highly magnified image of object at infinity or least distance of distinct vision. When the final image of an object is formed at infinity or least distance of distinct vision, the telescope is said to be in normal adjustment. The final image of an object formed by an astronomical telescope is always inverted with respect to the object. Magnifying power: Magnifying power of an astronomical telescope is defined as the ratio of the angle subtended at the eye by the final image as seen through the telescope to the angle subtended at the eye by the object seen directly when both and object are at infinity. Expression for magnifying power: From the figure tan α ' ≈ α ' = α = P ' Q ' O P ' = P ' Q ' f o . . . . ( i ) Here, f o is the focal length of an objective lens. The final image P ' ' Q ' ' subtends an angle β on the eyepiece. From the △ P ' Q ' E β ≈ tan β = P ' Q ' E P ' . . . . ii From the above equation β α = f o E ' P ' If the telescope is set for normal adjustment so that the final image is formed at infinity. The first image P ' Q ' must be in the focal plane of the eyepiece. Then E ' P ' = f e β α = f o f e According to the magnifying power definition m = β α So, m = f o f e Since the angles β and α are formed on the opposite sides of the axis. Therefore, m = - f o f e

Why does sky appear blue?

The sky is blue due to a phenomenon called Raleigh scattering. This scattering refers to the scattering of electromagnetic radiation (of which light is a form) by particles of a much smaller wavelength. Sunlight is scattered by the particles of the atmosphere, and what comes through down to earth is called diffuse sky radiation, the shorter wavelengths of light (blue) tends to scatter most, hence when we look at the sky, we see it as blue.

E M B I B E

EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR PHYSICS>Chapter 9 - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments>Punjab Board-2018>Q 1

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12th Punjab Board

IMPORTANT

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How the eye of a person suffering from myopia can be corrected . Explain with the help of a ray diagram.

Important Questions on Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

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12th Punjab Board

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EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR PHYSICS>Chapter 9 - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments>Punjab Board-2018>Q 2

What is total internal reflection of light ? What are the two essential conditions for total internal reflection to take place?

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12th Punjab Board

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EMBIBE CHAPTER WISE PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS FOR PHYSICS>Chapter 9 - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments>Punjab Board-2018>Q 3

With the help of a ray diagram, describe the construction, working of a compound microscope when the final image is formed at least distance of distinct vision