Identify the correctly spelt word.
Important Points to Remember in Chapter -1 - Spelling Test from R. Gupta Combined Defence Services Examination Solutions
Spelling Errors
Basic Spelling Rules
1. When a prefix is added to a word, the spelling of the base word does not change.
E.g., mis + spell → misspell
2. The prefix ‘in-’ to ‘il-’, ‘im-’ or ‘ir-’ when the first letter of a word is l, m, p, or r.
3. To change a word from singular to plural we generally add ‘-s’. Some words ending in -o only require ‘-s’. For example, ‘piano’ → ‘pianos’.
4. Words ending in a vowel and ‘-y’ can have the suffix ‘-ed’ or ‘-ing’ without making any other change.
5. One-syllable words ending in single vowel + single consonant double the consonant before a suffix beginning with a vowel. For example, ‘beg’ + ‘ed’ → ‘begged’.
6. If the word to which the suffix ‘ful’ is added ends in ll, the second l is dropped. For example, ‘skill’ ‘ful’ → ‘skilful’.
7. Words ending in silent ‘e’ drop the ‘e’ before a suffix beginning with a vowel. For example, ‘move’ + ‘ed’ → ‘moved’.
8. When we add a suffix to a word ending in a consonant + ‘-y’, we normally change ‘-y’ to ‘i’. For example, ‘happy’ + ‘ly’ → ‘happily’.
9. Some words ending in ‘ce’ and ‘ge’ which keep the ‘e’ when adding ‘-able’ and ‘-ous’.
For example, ‘courage’ + ‘ous’ → ‘courageous’; ‘change’ + ‘able’ → ‘changeable’
10. Words ending in ‘ie’ change the ‘ie’ to ‘y’ when ‘-ing’ is added. For example, ‘die’ + ‘ing’ → ‘dying’.
