The following table shows certain diseases, their causative organisms and symptoms. Fill the gaps. Name of the Disease Causative organism Symptoms (i) Ascariasis Ascaris _____ (ii) _____ Trichophyton Appearance of dry, scaly lesions on various parts of the body (iii) Typhoid _____ High fever, weakness, headache, stomach pain, constipation (iv) Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae _____ (v) _____ Rhinoviruses Nasal congestion and discharge, sore throat, cough, headache (vi) Filariasis _____ Inflammation in lower limbs

(i) Ascariasis is an infection of the small intestine caused by a roundworm Ascaris lumbricoid. The symptoms of this disease include intestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, fever, anaemia, vomiting, and blockage of the intestinal passage, etc. (ii) Ringworm is also known as Tinea, is a fungal infection of the skin caused by some fungi such as Trichophyton and Microsporum , etc. The symptoms of this disease include the appearance of dry and scaly lesions on various parts of the body. (iii) Typhoid is a systemic infection caused by a bacterium of species Salmonella typhi. This bacterium can be transmitted by contaminated food and water and causes symptoms like h igh fever, weakness, headache, stomach pain and constipation, etc. (iii) Pneumonia is an infection that inflames air sacs of lungs. This can be caused by various groups of organisms such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. One example of the causative agent is Streptococcus pneumoniae which causes symptoms like cough, fever, chills, shallow breathing and stabbing chest pain, etc. (iv) Rhinoviruses are the most common causative agents of the common cold. The symptoms of this infection include nasal congestion and discharge, sore throat, cough and headache, etc. (v) Filariasis is a parasitic infection that affects the lower body lymphatic system. The causative agents of this disease are nematodes of genus Wucheraria bancrofti and Wucheraria malayi. The symptoms induced by this infection include inflammation in lower limbs. Name of the Disease Causative organism Symptoms (i) Ascariasis Ascaris Intestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, fever, anaemia, vomiting and blockage of the intestinal passage. (ii) Ringworm Trichophyton Appearance of dry and scaly lesions on various parts of the body (iii) Typhoid Salmonella typhimurium High fever, weakness, headache, stomach pain, constipation (iv) Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae Cough, fever, chills, shallow breathing and stabbing chest pain. (v) Common cold Rhinoviruses Nasal congestion and discharge, sore throat, cough, headache (vi) Filariasis Wucheraria bancrofti, Wucheraria malayi Inflammation in lower limbs

The outline structure of a drug is given below. What are the modes of consumption of this drug?

The above outline structure depicts the skeletal representation of the cannabinoid molecule. Cannabinoids are a group of naturally occurring chemical compounds obtained from the leaves and flowers of the Hemp plant. Different cannabinoid compounds are found in different parts of the hemp plants whose modes of consumption are different too. For instance, bhang is taken orally, ganja is smoked like a cigarette, charas is smoked with tobacco and marijuana is smoked with cigarettes.

The outline structure of a drug is given below. Name the organ of the body which is affected by consumption of these drugs.

The above outline structure depicts the skeletal representation of the cannabinoid molecule. The consumption of cannabinoid principally affects the brain and brings a state of euphoria, excitement and uncontrolled laughter, etc. It also affects the kidney that results in frequent urination.

HARD

12th CBSE

IMPORTANT

Earn 100

In the given flow diagram, the replication of retrovirus in a host is shown. Observe and answer the below question.

Can the infected cell survive while viruses are being replicated and released?

Important Questions on Human Health and Diseases

HARD

12th CBSE

IMPORTANT

NCERT Exemplar Biology - Class 12>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Diseases>SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS>Q 7

"Maintenance of personal and public hygiene is necessary for prevention and control of many infectious diseases". Justify the statement giving suitable examples.

HARD

12th CBSE

IMPORTANT

NCERT Exemplar Biology - Class 12>Chapter 8 - Human Health and Diseases>SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS>Q 8

The following table shows certain diseases, their causative organisms and symptoms. Fill the gaps.

	Name of the Disease	Causative organism	Symptoms
(i)	Ascariasis	Ascaris	_____
(ii)	_____	Trichophyton	Appearance of dry, scaly lesions on various parts of the body
(iii)	Typhoid	_____	High fever, weakness, headache, stomach pain, constipation
(iv)	Pneumonia	Streptococcus pneumoniae	_____
(v)	_____	Rhinoviruses	Nasal congestion and discharge, sore throat, cough, headache
(vi)	Filariasis	_____	Inflammation in lower limbs