Production of seeds without fertilization

Production of fruit without fertilization

Production of seeds without pollination

Production of fruit without pollination

Match the Column I with Column II and select the correct option from the choice below: Column I Column II a. Polyembryony i. Commelina b. Dioecious ii. Grass c. Cleistogamous iii. Date palm d. Apomixis iv. Citrus

a - ( iv ) , b - ( iii ) , c - ( i ) , d - ( ii )

a - ( iv ) , b - ( iii ) , c - ( ii ) , d - ( i )

a - ( ii ) , b - ( i ) , c - ( iv ) , d - ( iii )

a - ( iii ) , b - ( iv ) , c - ( i ) , d - ( ii )

The formation of new plants from an embryo without meiosis and fertilization is called apomixis. According to Hans Winkler (1908), "Replacement of general sexual reproduction by any such method in which meiosis and fertilization do not occur is termed apomixis." In this method, the embryos are formed from haploid cells present in the embryo sac like egg, synergids, etc., or from diploid cells in the ovule like nucellus, integuments, etc. The plants formed by apomixis are either haploid or diploid in nature. Examples: Datura , Maize, etc.

Formation of seeds without syngamy and meiosis.

Formation of seeds with syngamy but no meiosis.

Formation of seeds by fusion of gametes.

EASY

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In which type of apomixis diploid embryo sac develops from diploid cells of nucellus?

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Important Questions on Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

EASY

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Seed formation without fertilization in flowering plants involves the process of

MEDIUM

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

During fertilisation in plants the male and female gametes unite, triggering the process of cell division followed by seed formation. A gene

BBM 1

, expressed only in the male gamete, is responsible for eliciting rapid cell division. A researcher overexpressed the

BBM 1

gene in the female gamete that resulted in the multiplication of the female gamete into an embryo and then the seed. The plants obtained from these seeds were genetically identical to the parent. This phenomenon is commonly seen in a few select plants naturally, and is known as

EASY

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

What is Apomixis?

MEDIUM

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Match the Column I with Column II and select the correct option from the choice below:

Column I	Column II
a. Polyembryony	i. Commelina
b. Dioecious	ii. Grass
c. Cleistogamous	iii. Date palm
d. Apomixis	iv. Citrus

EASY

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Listed below are different plant reproductive strategies.

I. Parthenocarpy

II. Syngamy

III. Apomixis

IV. Polyembryony

Which of them can give rise to a clonal progeny having the same genotype as that of the mother plant?

EASY

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Nucellar polyembryony is seen in the species of

MEDIUM

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Statement - ' $X$ ': Apomixis is seen in a few flowering plants such as some species of Asteraceae and grasses.
Statement - ' $Y$ ': Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction.

Statement - ' $Z$ ': In some species of apomictic seeds, the diploid egg cell is formed without reduction division.
Choose the correct option.

EASY

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Define the term apomixis.

MEDIUM

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Write a short note on apomixis.

EASY

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants

Write one point of difference between apomixis and polyembryony.

MEDIUM

Biology>Reproduction>Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants>Special Modes For Reproduction in Plants