Methylpropane ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\right){\mathrm{CH}}_3$, is commonly used in the petrochemical industry. Each carbon atom in methylpropane has hybridized atomic orbitals. Give the bond angles found within a molecule of methylpropane.

When methylpropane is passed over a hot aluminium oxide catalyst, it can be converted into methylpropene. Methylpropene can be converted back into methylpropane by heating with hydrogen gas in the presence of a platinum / nickel catalyst:

$\underset{\mathrm{methylpropene}}{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{C}\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\right){\mathrm{CH}}_3}+{\mathrm{H}}_2\stackrel{\mathrm{Ni}/\mathrm{Pt} }{\to } \underset{\mathrm{methylpropane}}{{\mathrm{H}}_3\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{CH}\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\right){\mathrm{CH}}_3}$

What type of reaction best describes this reaction?

Draw the displayed formula of a structural isomer of methylpropene.

A carbon compound P has the percentage composition $85.7 \%$ carbon and $14.3 \%$ hydrogen. Its relative molecular mass was found to be $56$.

Calculate its empirical formula.

A carbon compound P has the percentage composition $85.7 \%$ carbon and $14.3 \%$ hydrogen. Its relative molecular mass was found to be $56$.

Calculate its molecular formula.

A carbon compound P has the percentage composition $85.7 \%$ carbon and $14.3 \%$ hydrogen. Its relative molecular mass was found to be $56$.

Write down the names and displayed formulae of all the non-cyclic isomers of compound P which have the following characteristic:

• Straight chain

A carbon compound P has the percentage composition $85.7 \%$ carbon and $14.3 \%$ hydrogen. Its relative molecular mass was found to be $56$.

Write down the names and displayed formulae of all the non-cyclic isomers of compound P which have the following characteristic:

• Branched chain