The atmospheric pressure is $100\mathrm{kPa}$, equivalent to the pressure exerted by a column of water $10 \mathrm{m}$ high. A bubble of oxygen of volume $0.42{ \mathrm{cm}}^3$ is released by a water plant at a depth of $25 \mathrm{m}$. Calculate the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface. State any assumptions you make.

A cylinder contains $4.0\times {10}^{-2}{ \mathrm{m}}^3$ of carbon dioxide at a pressure of $4.8\times {10}^5 \mathrm{Pa}$ at room temperature. Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide.

A cylinder contains $4.0\times {10}^{-2}{ \mathrm{m}}^3$ of carbon dioxide at a pressure of $4.8\times {10}^5 \mathrm{Pa}$ at room temperature. Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide. (Molar mass of carbon dioxide $=44 \mathrm{g}$ or one molecule of carbon dioxide has mass $44\mathrm{u}$.)

A sample of neon is contained in a cylinder at $27°\mathrm{C}$. Its temperature is raised to $243°\mathrm{C}$.

(a) Calculate the kinetic energy of the neon atoms at:

(i) $27°\mathrm{C}$

A sample of neon is contained in a cylinder at $27°\mathrm{C}$. Its temperature is raised to $243°\mathrm{C}$. Calculate the kinetic energy of the neon atoms at $243°\mathrm{C}$.