A nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. It has two parts, a renal or Malpighian corpuscle and a renal tubule. The bunch of capillaries within the cup-shaped Bowman's capsule of the Malpighian corpuscle is called the glomerulus. The glomerulus function as the ultrafiltration unit.

Match the items in column I with those in column II. Column I Column II (i) Bowman’s capsule (A) Reabsorption (ii) Haemodialysis (B) Nephridia (iii) Tubule (C) Filtration (iv) Urethra (D) Artificial kidney (v) Earthworm (E) Connects bladder to outside

(i) — C, Bowman’s capsule is the first part of the nephron where the ultra-filtration occurs. (ii) — D, The person undergoes haemodialysis process when the kidney fails to function. (iii) — A, Tubule is followed by the bowman’s capsule where the ultra-filtration is reabsorbed to reduce the urine volume. (iv) — E, Urethra transports the urine formed in the kidney to the urinary bladder for temporary storage. (v) — B, Nephridia are the excretory organ-like structure in annelids, which are present in every segment to filter out of the blood. Column I Column II (i) Bowman’s capsule (C) Reabsorption (ii) Haemodialysis (D) Artificial kidney (iii) Tubule (A) Filtration (iv) Urethra (E) Connects bladder to outside (v) Earthworm (B) Nephridia

The excretory system consists of organs for the removal of metabolic waste and toxins for the body of organisms. Its consists of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra. The ureter is a long tube that carries the urine from a kidney towards the urinary bladder.

Each kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called nephrons, which are the functional units. Each nephron has two parts – the glomerulus and the renal tubule. Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the afferent arteriole – a fine branch of renal artery. Blood from the glomerulus is carried away by an efferent arteriole.

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The renal cortex functions as a funnel for urine flowing to the ureter.

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Important Questions on Excretion in Animals and Plants

MEDIUM

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

Where is blood filtered in our body?

EASY

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

Structure of a nephron is very well suited to its function. Comment.

EASY

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

What is glomerulus?

EASY

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

What is Bowman's capsule?

EASY

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

Name the excretory unit of a kidney.

EASY

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

What is the excretory unit or functional unit of a kidney

MEDIUM

Science>Biology>Excretion in Animals and Plants>Human Excretory System

Match the items in column I with those in column II.

Column I		Column II
(i) Bowman’s capsule	(A)	Reabsorption
(ii) Haemodialysis	(B)	Nephridia
(iii) Tubule	(C)	Filtration
(iv) Urethra	(D)	Artificial kidney
(v) Earthworm	(E)	Connects bladder to outside