Saliva is the fluid secretion given by the salivary glands. In humans, saliva is the combination of 98% water along with electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells, epithelial cells, enzymes, antimicrobial agents such as secretory IgA, and lysozyme.

Ptyalin is also called salivary amylase. It is an enzyme that is produced in the salivary glands. Ptyalin participates in the digestion of complex carbohydrates and converted them into disaccharides or oligosaccharides.

Chyme or chymus is the semi-liquid composition produced in the stomach. It is the combination of the partially digested bolus, HCl, gastric enzymes that are transported from the stomach to the small intestine.

Bile is a fluid produced in the liver and gets stored in the gall bladder. It contains 95% water along with bile salts, bilirubin, biliverdin and various other inorganic salts. Bile participates in the process of digestion of lipids by emulsifying larger molecules into smaller droplets.