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What is the process that creates proton gradient across thylakoid membrane?
(a)Splitting of water molecule on inner side of the membrane (towards lumen).
(b) carrier transports ion from stroma to lumen.
(c) reductase removes ion from stroma for reduction of .
(d)All of these

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Important Questions on Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
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Choose correct option
A cell that lacks chloroplast does not

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Match column-I with column-II, and choose the correct option:
Column I | Column II | ||
a | Thylakoids | I | The gel-like material of mitochondria |
b | Cristae | ii | Infoldings in mitochondria |
c | Cisternae | iii | Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus |
d | Matrix | iv | Flat membranous sacs in the stroma |

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The figure given below shows the structure of a chloroplast with its four parts labelled as A, B, C and D.

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Reason: The granal membranes are rich in synthetase.

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Select the option which correctly depicts the functions of parts and .

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