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Which of the following is the correct relation between distance and displacement?

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Important Questions on Physics

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Suppose that the angular velocity of rotation of the Earth is increased. Then, as a consequence,
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Four particles, each of mass M and equidistant from each other, move along a circle of radius R under the action of their mutual gravitational attraction. The speed of each particle is
EASY

A star mass M (equal to the solar mass) with a planet (much smaller than the star) revolves around the star in a circular orbit. The velocity of the star with respect to the centre of mass of star-planet system is shown below:

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The radius of the planet's orbit is closest to (1 AU=Distance Earth and Sun)

EASY
The variation of acceleration due to gravity g  with distance d from the centre of the earth is best represented by (R= Earth's radius):
EASY

Two stones of masses m and 2m are whirled in horizontal circles, the heavier one in radius r2 and the lighter one in radius r. The tangential speed of lighter stone is n times that of the tangential speed of the heavier stone. They are reported to experience the same centripetal force. The value of n is, 

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A particle with total mechanical energy which is small and negative is under the influence of a one dimensional potential Ux=x44-x22 J, where x is in meters. At time t=0 s, it is at x=-0.5 m. Then at a later time it can be found,
HARD
Two satellites S1 and S2 are revolving around a planet in the opposite sense in coplanar circular concentric orbits. At time t=0, the satellites are farthest apart. The periods of revolution of S1 and S2 are 3 h and 24 h respectively. The radius of the orbit of S1 is 3×104 km. Then the orbital speed of S2 as observed from
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A Wheel of moment of inertia kg m2 is rotating about an axis passing through centre and perpendicular to its plane at a speed 60 rad s-1. Due to friction, it comes to rest in 5 min. The angular momentum of the wheel three minutes before it stops rotating is
EASY
If the change in the value of g at a height h above the surface of the earth is the same as at a depth x below it, then (both x and h being much smaller than the radius of the earth)
HARD

A very long (length L) cylindrical galaxy is made of uniformly distributed mass and has radius R (R<<L). A star outside the galaxy is orbiting the galaxy in a plane perpendicular to the galaxy and passing through its centre. If the time period of the star is T and its distance from the galaxy's axis is r, then

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The depth d at which the value of acceleration due to gravity becomes 1n times the value at the earth's surface is (R = radius of the earth )
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A straight rod of length L extends from x=a to x=L+a. The gravitational force it exerts on a point mass 'm' at x=0, if the mass per unit length of the rod is A+Bx2, is given by:
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The International space station is maintained in a nearly circular orbit with a mean altitude of 330 km and a maximum of 410 km. An astronaut is floating in the space station's cabin. The acceleration of astronauts as measured from the earth is-
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Starting from the center of the earth having radius, R, the variation of g (acceleration due to gravity) is shown by
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A ball is launched from the top of Mount Everest which is at an elevation of 9000 m. The ball moves in a circular orbit around the earth. The acceleration due to gravity near the earth's surface is g. The magnitude of the ball's acceleration while in orbit is,
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Which one of the following four graphs best depict the variation with x of the moment of inertia I of a uniform triangular lamina about an axis parallel to its base at a distance x from it

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Six objects are placed at the vertices of a regular hexagon. The geometric centre of the hexagon is at the origin with objects 1 and 4 on the X-axis (see figure). The mass of the k th object is mk=kiMcosθk, where i is an integer, M is a constant with dimension of mass and θk is the angular position of the k th vertex measured from the positive x -axis in the counter-clockwise sense. If the net gravitational force on a body at the centroid vanishes, the value of i is

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HARD
A particle is moving in a circle of radius r under the action of a force F=αr2 which is directed towards centre of the circle. Total mechanical energy (kinetic energy + potential energy) of the particle is (take potential energy=0 for r=0):
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An automobile moves on a road with a speed of 54 km h-1 . The radius of its wheels is 0.45m and the moment of inertia of the wheel about its axis of rotation is 3 kg m2 . If the vehicle is brought to rest in 15 s , the magnitude of average torque transmitted by its brakes to the wheel is:
EASY
At what height from the surface of earth the gravitation potential and the value of g are -5.4×10J kg-2 and 6.0 s-2 respectively? Take the radius of earth as 6400 km: