Electronic displacement in a covalent bond is represented by the following notation. CH 3 ⊕ δ → CH 2 ⊕ δ → Cl ⊝ δ Is the displacement of electrons in a covalent bond temporary or permanent.

Inductive effect is defined as the polarisation of the sigma bond due to the polarisation of the adjacent sigma bond as a result of the different electronegativity of bonded atoms. That is, it involves the displacement of sigma electrons and it is a permanent electronic effect. The direction of the arrowhead indicates the direction of the permanent electron displacement taken place along the sigma bond in the ground state. Thus, in the given compound chloroethane the electronic displacement in covalent bond represents the permanent electronic effect, nothing but the inductive effect due to the presence of electronegative chlorine atom.

E M B I B E

Chemistry>Chapter 14 - Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry>Try this>Q 3

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Write down the expected values of the bond lengths of the carbon-carbon bonds in benzene.

Important Questions on Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

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Chemistry>Chapter 14 - Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry>Can you recall?>Q 1

Which is the essential element in all organic compounds?

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Chemistry>Chapter 14 - Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry>Can you recall?>Q 1

Which classes of organic compounds are often used in our daily diet?

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Chemistry>Chapter 14 - Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry>Try this>Q 2

Find out the structures of glucose, vanillin, camphor, and paracetamol. Mark the carbon atoms present in them. Assign the hybridization state to each of the carbon and oxygen atom. Identify sigma