Two different organic compounds A and B have the same molecular formula of C 2 H 6 O . A reacts with metallic sodium to produce hydrogen gas but B does not react with metallic sodium. Write structural formulas of the compounds A and B. Write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction of A with metallic sodium.

Molecular formula of the compound is given as C 2 H 6 O . The general formula can be written as, C n H 2 n + 2 O . The two compounds with this molecular formula are, CH 3 CH 2 OH and CH 3 - O - CH 3 . Compound A is ethanol as it reacts with metallic sodium to produce hydrogen gas while B is ether which does not react with sodium. The balanced chemical equation of the reaction of ethanol with metallic sodium is given as, 2 CH 3 CH 2 OH + 2 Na → 2 C 2 H 5 ONa + H 2

Write with an example what is meant by functional group.

Functional groups are the substituent atoms or groups of atoms that are attached to specific molecules. They are responsible for the chemical reactions that the molecule they are attached to participate in. The presence of a functional group in a molecule implies that the behaviour and the chemical reactions of the molecule in question can be predicted in a systematic fashion. For example, The alcohol group, − OH , present in ethanol C 2 H 5 OH is an example of a functional group.

Select the members of a homologous series from the following compounds and arrange them in increasing order of their molecular weights: CH 3 COOH , CH 3 CH 2 OH , CH 3 OCH 3 , CH 3 OH , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH , C 3 H 4

A homologous series is a sequence of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties in which the members of the series differ by - CH 2 group. The members of a homologous series and the increasing order of their molecular weight from the following compounds are: CH 3 OH < CH 3 OCH 3 = CH 3 CH 2 OH < CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH

Write with balanced chemical equation of what happens when ethylene reacts with bromine.

Alkenes react with pure liquid bromine or a bromine solution in an organic solvent like tetrachloromethane at room temperature. A bromine atom is added to each carbon after the double bond breaks. Bromine loses its red-brown colour and turns into a colourless liquid. When bromine reacts with ethene, it forms 1 , 2 - dibromoethane. Electrophilic addition is exemplified by this reaction. Bromine discoloration is commonly used to test for a carbon-carbon double bond. You get a mixture of products if you use a bromine aqueous solution ("bromine water"). CH 2 = CH 2 + Br 2 → BrCH 2 - CH 2 Br

The molecular formula of the organic compound is C 2 H 4 O 2 , the compound is soluble in water and on the addition of NaHCO 3 to the aqueous solution of the compound, CO 2 is evolved. Identify the organic compound. Write with condition and balanced chemical equation, the reaction of the compound with ethanol.

When carboxylic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate solution, carbon dioxide is produced along with sodium acetate in a brisk effervescence. Hence, the given compound is a carboxylic acid which is acetic acid CH 3 COOH . The reaction is as follows: CH 3 COOH + NaHCO 3 → CH 3 COONa + H 2 O + CO 2 Further, acetic acid is soluble in water. When ethyl alcohol reacts with acetic acid, the hydroxyl group of the alcohol and the hydrogen of the acid react together and get eliminated as a water molecule. Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid as a catalyst to produce the ester, ethyl ethanoate. The reaction is as follows: CH 3 COOH + C 2 H 5 OH → H 2 SO 4 CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 + H 2 O

Mention one use of tetrafluoroethylene.

Tetrafluoroethylene CF 2 = CF 2 , or teflon, finds its uses in industries. It is used to make electrical insulators and coating for non-stick cook wares.