Match the following:- Column I Column II (Elements) (Symbol) (i) Acidic Radicals K + , Na + (ii) Basic Radicals Fe 2 + , Fe 3 + (iii) Monovalent Radicals CO 3 2 - , SO 4 2 - (iv) Variable Valency Cl - , K + (v) Tetravalent elements Pb 4 + , Pt 4 +

Acidic Radicals and Basic Radicals :- Negatively charged radicals are called acidic radicals . Positively charged radicals are called basic radicals . Acid radicals are formed by the removal of hydrogen ion ( H + ) . Basic radicals are formed by the removal of hydroxide ion ( OH - ) . Monovalent Radical:- A radical formally derived by the removal of one hydrogen atom from any position of any other parent hydride, is named by adding the suffix "-yl" to the name of the parent hydride, eliding the final "e" of the name of the parent hydride. Variable valency :- This property is called as variable valency. Some elements show variable valency because of the different electronic configurations. An atom of an element can sometimes lose more electrons than are present in its valence shell i.e. loss from the penultimate shell and hence exhibit more than 1 or variable valency. Tetravalent elements are those elements which have a valency of four i.e. have four electrons in the outermost shell. Examples are the elements belonging to group 14 like carbon , silicon , germanium etc. The symbol of radicals are - Column I Column II (Elements) (Symbol) (i) Acidic Radicals CO 3 2 - , SO 4 2 - (ii) Basic Radicals K + , Na + (iii) Monovalent Radicals Cl - , K + (iv) Variable Valency Fe 2 + , Fe 3 + (v) Tetravalent elements Pb 4 + , Pt 4 +

Balance the Chemical Equation K 2 Cr 2 O 7 + HCl → CrCl 3 + Cl 2 + KCl + H 2 O

An oxidation - reduction ( redox ) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species. An oxidation - reduction reaction is any chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron. 6 Cl - 1 - 6 e - → 6 Cl 0 (oxidation) 2 Cr 4 + + 6 e - → 2 Cr 3 + (reduction) HCl is a reducing agent, K 2 Cr 2 O 7 is an oxidizing agent. K 2 Cr 2 O 7 + 14 HCl → 2 CrCl 3 + 3 Cl 2 + 2 KCl + 7 H 2 O

Balance the chemical equation ( NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 → N 2 + Cr 2 O 3 + H 2 O

A redox reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two reactants participating in it. This transfer of electrons can be identified by observing the changes in the oxidation states of the reacting species. 2 N 3 - - 6 e - → 2 N 0 (oxidation) 2 Cr 4 + + 6 e - → 2 Cr 3 + (reduction) ( NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 is an oxidizing agent as well as reducing agent. ( NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 → N 2 + Cr 2 O 3 + 4 H 2 O

Balance the Chemical Equation Mg ( NO 3 ) 2 → NO 2 + MgO + O 2

A redox reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two reactants participating in it. All the redox reactions can be divided down into two processes- a reduction process and an oxidation process. 2 Mg ( NO 3 ) 2 → 4 NO 2 + 2 MgO + O 2

Balance the Chemical Equation Hg ( NO 3 ) 2 → Hg + NO 2 + O 2

A redox reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two reactants participating in it. All the redox reactions can be divided down into two processes- a reduction process and an oxidation process. Hg ( NO 3 ) 2 → Hg + 2 NO 2 + O 2

Balance the chemical equation Na 2 S 2 O 3 + HCl → H 2 O + NaCl + SO 2 + S

Redox reactions are oxidation-reduction chemical reactions in which the reactants undergo a change in their oxidation states. The term ‘redox’ is a short form of reduction-oxidation. All the redox reactions can be broken down into two different processes – a reduction process and an oxidation process. Na 2 S 2 O 3 + 2 HCl → H 2 O + 2 NaCl + SO 2 + S This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction: S 2 + + 2 e - → S 0 (reduction) S 2 - - 2 e - → S 4 - (oxidation) Na 2 S 2 O 3 is both an oxidizing and a reducing agent (disproportionation (dismutation)reaction)

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TOGETHER WITH CHEMISTRY>Chapter 1 - The Language of Chemistry>Self Evaluation Test>Q 7

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The Formula for Magnesium Nitride.

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Important Questions on The Language of Chemistry

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TOGETHER WITH CHEMISTRY>Chapter 1 - The Language of Chemistry>Self Evaluation Test>Q 7

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The valency of iron in $FeO$ .

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TOGETHER WITH CHEMISTRY>Chapter 1 - The Language of Chemistry>Self Evaluation Test>Q 7

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The two formulae for chlorides of phosphorus are.

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TOGETHER WITH CHEMISTRY>Chapter 1 - The Language of Chemistry>Self Evaluation Test>Q 8

Match the following:-

	Column I	Column II
	(Elements)	(Symbol)
(i)	Acidic Radicals	$K^{+}, {Na}^{+}$
(ii)	Basic Radicals	${Fe}^{2 +}, {Fe}^{3 +}$
(iii)	Monovalent Radicals	${CO}_{3}^{2 -}, {SO}_{4}^{2 -}$
(iv)	Variable Valency	${Cl}^{-}, K^{+}$
(v)	Tetravalent elements	${Pb}^{4 +}, {Pt}^{4 +}$